A Study on 1st Epistle to the Corinthians.

1st Corinthians 1: The Message of the Cross.

Greetings:

To church of God which is at Corinth, to those who are sanctified in Christ Jesus, called to be saints, with all who in every place call on the name of Jesus Christ our Lord both theirs and ours:

In the greetings of his letter, Paul seems to touch on some aspect that seems to plague the Corinthians which is lack of unity and Paul seems to touch on it in his first sentence that they are not isolated Christians divided into factions but are members of a greater whole “with all who in every place call on the name of Jesus Christ.”

Grace of God:

I thank my God always concerning you for the grace of God which was given to you by Christ Jesus, that you were enriched in everything by Him in all utterance and all knowledge, even as the testimony of Christ is confirmed in you, so that you came short in no gift, eagerly waiting for the revelation of our Lord Jesus Christ,

That God granted them to be abundant in the gifts of the Holy Spirit, in words and knowledge. That they lacked nothing in the gifts. Which in itself was a means by which God confirmed the testimony of Christ [of the gospel]. The gospel has a confirmation a means by which the truth of God is established to every believer.

knowing beloved brethren, your election by God. For our gospel did not come to you in word only, but also in power and in the Holy Spirit and in much assurance. 1 Thessalonians 1:4-5 [The confirmation of the gospel to the Thessalonians was in the Joy of the Holy Spirit amidst persecution: assurance]

who will also confirm you to the end, that you may be blameless in the day of our Lord Jesus Christ. God is faithful by whom you were called into the fellowship of His Son, Jesus Christ our Lord.

Just as by his grace He has poured out His gifts among you to confirm the gospel of His Son, He will also present you blameless in that day. It is the measure of His faithfulness in bringing every child united with His Son. [Into which fellowship He has invited you.]

Now may the God of peace Himself sanctify you completely; and may your whole spirit, soul and body be preserved blameless at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. He who calls you is faithful, who will also do it. 1 Thessalonians 5:23-24

Division in the church.

Now I plead with you, brethren, by the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that you speak the same thing, that there be no division among you, but that you be perfectly joined together in the same mindand in the same judgment. .. contentions among you. That you say “I am of Paul”, or “I am of Apollos”, or “I am of Cephas”, or “I am of Christ”. Is Christ divided? or were you baptised in the name of Paul? I thank God I baptised none of you except Crispus and Gaius lest anyone should say that I had baptised in my own name.

The first thing Paul seeks to address to these group of christians who excel in the gift of the Holy Spirit is the division among them.That the gifts of the Holy Spirit are just that, they are gifts and it is not qualified or merited but are of faith.

These young christians has missed the point. They were seeking to belong to the one who preached the gospel to them rather than being about Christ. Through it forming divisions and identifying themselves accordingly as foolish as being a follower of man rather than Christ. [If they were foolish enough to be identified in like manner then it would not be a great leap for them to associate their baptism to the one who baptised them.]

Same mind same judgment: If it was a mere identification issue [why contention], it would not be the case of speaking different things. Then the issue is what they perceived in the teaching of one or another be the measure, and settled the difference by being of factions according to their understanding. Example to consider: James teaches of one who says “I have faith and you have works.” may be a prime example of how such division might creep in. As Peter also exhorts the church in regards to the teaching of Paul saying “there are some things which are hard to understand which some the unlearned have twisted”

The Power of the Cross:

For Christ did not send me to baptise, but to preach the gospel, not with wisdom of words,lest the cross of Christ should be made of no effect.

It is not to say baptism is of no importance since in Acts 18 when he first preached the gospel to them it says, “And many of the Corinthians hearing, believed and were baptised.” Acts 18:8 It is the case that those who accompanied him were the ones who baptised the new converts. And he did not present the message of the gospel in some deep philosophical argument, in the conveyance of smart and tantalising words. If by any chance the simplicity of the message that Christ has borne our sin on the cross, be rendered of no power. It is not to entice, to mental consent, without the demonstration of the power.

For the message of the cross is foolishness to those who are perishing, but to us who are being saved it is the power of God. For it is written: “I will destroy the wisdom of the wise, and bring to nothing the understanding of the prudent.”

Before being saved, at one point all were ignorant of the cross of Christ: so preached to while in such a state, if the significance of the cross of Christ is lost to the one who hears as in not to see any value in it, then is a sure sign of their demise. [That is the power of the cross, he wanted not to overshadow, by trying to entice with multitude of words.] But to one being saved, it is a demonstration of the power and love of God.

The Wisdom of God:

Where is the wise? Where is the scribe? Where is the disputer of this age? Has not God made foolish the wisdom of this world?

Why is he asking that? What is the proof that God has done that, if not to turn and look among themselves and see how sparsely those so described are present among them.

For since, in the wisdom of God, the world through wisdom did not know God, it pleased God through the foolishness of the message preached to save those who believe. For Jews request a sign and Greeks seek after wisdom; but we preach Christ crucified to the Jews a stumbling block and to the Greeks, foolishness, but to those who are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God and the wisdom of God.

The gospel of Christ is not received through the wisdom of the world, it is not to be some quantifiable pursuit of the intellect but of the heart and faith. That it is a predetermined purpose God has worked that salvation may be made available to all [great and small] in the simplicity of the message. [If salvation was through wisdom the simple would lose out, but in the simplicity of the message, through faith it has come to all. Then all the wise need to do is humble themselves.]

Jews request a sign: a stumbling block: The gospel has come in power and demonstration of signs and wonders to many, including to those who are in Corinth. Jesus was asked that He should show them sign from haven, to which He replied “no sign shall be given this to generation except the sign of Jonah.” The Christ crucified is which is not accepted as a sign. It is the suffering and death of Christ that has becomes a stumbling block. “We have heard from the law the Christ remains forever” and will you restore the kingdom to Israel. Even His disciples at first had a hard time grasping and Jesus taught them saying, “O foolish ones, and slow of heart to believe in all that the prophets have spoken! Ought not the Christ to have suffered these things and enter into His glory?” Luke 24:25 This is a sign Christ refers to, His own death and being buried for 3 days a midst of all the wonders He has done.

Greeks seek after wisdom: foolishness: Greeks those who pride themselves of their depth of knowledge, then the message of the cross is nothing but foolishness, a mere concept to ponder. Paul had an experience in Athens in Acts 17, where he encountered Epicurean and Stoic philosophers, who regularly gathered just to hear new and tantalising things, as a process of entertainment.

Because the foolishness of God is wiser than men, and the weakness of God is stronger than men.

The foolishness of God is faith: that wisdom of men is put to nothing in the presence of faith. The wisdom of God determined that salvation ought not to be in wisdom of the world, but in the foolishness of believing a message. And Derek Prince taught saying the weakness of God is Christ crucified, that God came as Man, surrendered and gave Himself into the hands of His own creation as in to be put to death by them, through which He demonstrated His power and love.

For though He was crucified in weakness, yet He lives by the power of God. 2 Corinthians 13:4

For you see your calling, brethren, that not many wise according to the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble, are called.

As above Paul asks them to look among themselves and determine how many are wise, mighty and nobel and that is the very proof that the message of the gospel has not come according to the ways of the world.

But God has chosen the foolish things of the world to put to shame the wise, and God has chosen the weak things of this world to put to shame the things which are mighty; and the base things of the world and the things which are despised God has chosen, and the things which are not to bring to nothing the things that are, that no flesh should glory in His presence.

In making reference to the ones despised, he is not referring as to common everyday person but one who is held by derision even by the common man as low down sinners, the prostitute and criminals. The base things are the poor and needy, the things that are not are the common and the things that are the nobel and rich and powerful. That God may demonstrate, mankind’s wisdom, strength, upstanding, class, influence and power have no currency in the kingdom and the mercy of God. [That there is nothing in us that qualifies us, that we may claim we attained to this by our own works by the merits of our flesh.]

But of Him you are in Christ Jesus, who became for us wisdom from God – and righteousness and sanctification and redemption – That as it is written, “He who glories, let him glory in the Lord.”

That Christ is the manifestation of God’s wisdom: that united and placed us in Him. So through Him we may attain the complete package. So in everything we may give thanks to Him. That we may boast in everything in the Lord, in wisdom, righteousness, sanctification and redemption.

Wisdom: by which we are lead into all truth. That we might not fall folly to the spirit of the world.

However when He the Spirit of truth, has come, He will guide you into all truth; For He will not speak on His own authority, but whatever He hears He will speak; and He will tell you things to come. John 16:13
Now we have not received the spirit that is from the world but the Spirit who is from God, that we might know the things that have been freely given to us by God… For “who has known the mind of the Lord that he may instruct Him?” but we have the mind of Christ. 1st Corinthians 2:12,16
For God has not given us a spirit of fear, but of power and of love and a sound mind. 2nd Timothy 1:7
But the same anointing [Holy Spirit] teaches you concerning all things and is true and is not a lie. 1st John 2:27

Righteousness: we have acceptance in the sight of God. Not of law or anything we have done but through faith [it is a gift of God and it can not be earned.] Righteousness is not forgiveness of sins but is granted on the account of it through grace that we may obtain Christ’s nature.

For as by one man’s disobedience many were made sinners, so also by one Man’s obedience many will be made righteous. Romans 5:19 [If through Adam we inherited a sinful nature through which we are made sinners. Then through Christ we are made righteous, that is we have a righteousness nature for good works.]
Now if anyone does not have the Spirit of Christ, he is not His. And if Christ is in you the body is dead because of sin, but the Spirit is life [alive] because of righteousness. Romans 8:9-10
having been born again, not of corruptible seed but incorruptible, through the word of God which lives and abides forever. 1 Peter 1:23
Whoever has been born of God does not sin, for His seed remains in him; and he cannot sin, because he has been born of God. 1 John 3:9

Sanctification: “sanctified by faith in Me.” Acts 26:18 Sanctification is a process of being set apart, from the world.

And do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind, that you may prove what is good and acceptable and perfect will of God. Romans 12:2
Christ gave Himself for her that He might sanctify her by the washing of water by the word, that He might present her to Himself a glorious church, not having a spot or wrinkle or any such thing but that she should be holy and without blemish. Ephesians 5:25-27 [Sanctification attributed to the word, then it is a process of being inline with the word of God through which one is being set apart from the world.]
Do not be unequally yoked together with unbelievers. For what fellowship has righteousness with lawlessness? … Therefore “Come out from among them and be separate, says the Lord. Do not touch what is unclean, and I will receive you. I will be a Father to you, and you shall be My sons and daughters, says the Lord Almighty. 2 corinthians 6:14,17-18

Redemption: is the forgiveness of sins through His blood.

Being justified freely by His grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus, whom God set as a propitiation by His blood through faith, to demonstrate His righteousness. Romans 3:24-25
In Him we have redemption through His blood, the forgiveness of sins, according to the riches of His grace which He made abound towards us in all wisdom and prudence. Ephesians 1:7-8
In whom we have redemption through His blood, the forgiveness of sins. Colossians 1:14
knowing that you were not redeemed with corruptible thing, like silver or gold, from your aimless conduct received by tradition from your fathers, but with the precious blood of Christ, as a lamb without blemish and without spot. 1 Peter 1:18-19

1st Corinthians 2: The Hidden Wisdom of God.

And I, brethren, when I came to you, did not come with excellence of speech or of wisdom declaring to you the testimony of God. For I determined not to know anything among you except Jesus Christ and Him crucified.

The point Paul is making in regards to when first proclaiming the word of God, it is not the manner we dress the word to persuade men to know God but in the simplicity of the truth that counts. Derek Prince, in his teaching makes a point of it saying how Paul adjusted the way he proclaimed Jesus to the Corinthians in comparison to the way he tried to reach the Athenians in Acts 17:19-34. That in his attempt with the Athenians he made reference to the blank idol they worshiped “the unknown God. Him I proclaim to you.” and even make references to the philosophical writing of their own poet “For we are also His offspring.” That he tried to reach them with their idol and their wisdom but it ended with very mediocre results. However he had great success in Corinth which was his next stop from Athens Act 18. So he says I did not come to you with excellence of speech nor wisdom but declared the truth of God in Jesus Christ and Him crucified.

I was with you in weakness in fear, and in much trembling. And my speech and my preaching were not with persuasive words of human wisdom, but in demonstration of the Spirit and of power, that your faith should not be in the wisdom of men but in the power of God.

Signs and wonders are for reaching the unsaved and the dying. We are not to convince them through rational or with sensational words through the incitement of emotions then their faith would rest on the wisdom of the one who expressed it and not on God. And “if man has convinced you then man can also talk you out of it.” [S.W] But the truth of God is to demonstrate through the power of God that the unsaved knows the reality of God for themselves.

However, we speak wisdom among those who are mature, yet not the wisdom of this age, nor of the rulers of this age, who are coming to nothing. But we speak the wisdom of God in a mystery, the hidden wisdom which God ordained before the ages for our glory, which none of the rulers of this age knew; for had they known, they would not have crucified the Lord of glory.

With the unsaved he spoke Christ crucified, but to those who are mature in Christ, he speaks the wisdom of God from revelation to revelation from milk to meat. “Therefore, leaving the discussion of the elementary principles of Christ, let us go on to perfection, not laying again the foundation of repentance from dead works and of faith toward God, of the doctrine of baptisms, of laying of hands, of resurrection of the dead, and of eternal judgment.” Hebrews 6:1-2 It is moving from the basic concepts of the faith and into the deep things of God and being fruitful in it “by now you ought to be teachers.” Hebrews 5:12

The hidden wisdom of God is spoken among the mature in mystery. Which none of the rulers of the age knew them because it has not yet been revealed. It takes the Spirit of God to know them and understand them. Therefore we speak them in mystery, because it is not given in the wisdom of the age which the rulers of this age can comprehend but by the Holy Spirit which the natural man can neither receive nor know. And Jesus speaks teaching His disciples of the mystery in this way:

But when He was alone, those around Him with the twelve asked Him about the parable. And He said to them. “To you it has been given to know the mystery of the kingdom of God; but to those who are outside all things come in parables, so that “Seeing they may see and not perceive, and hearing they may hear and not understand;” Mark 4:11-12
The Spirit of truth, whom the world cannot receive, because it neither sees Him nor knows Him; but you know Him, for He dwells with you and will be in you. John 14:17

When saying the rulers of this [age], he is not speaking of flesh and bone but spiritual powers, “For we do not wrestle against flesh and blood, but against powers, against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this age, against spiritual hosts of wickedness in the heavenly places.” Ephesians 6:12-13 If they had known, what would be the outcome and what God had intended, how His death would upset their rule and bring it an end, they would not have crucified Him. But what Christ would accomplish through His suffering was sealed up not only among men, [which His own disciples themselves had trouble grasping] but to spiritual powers of the age.

But as it is written: “Eye has not seen, nor ear heard, nor have entered into the heart of man the things which God has prepared for those who love Him. But God has revealed them to us through His Spirit.

This hidden wisdom which no one was abel to conceive through the ages God has made it known to us. Through the revelation He has given to His saints which they have taught and proclaimed throughout the age. And we ourselves are able to know them because we have His Holy Spirit. Then question is what are the things which “Eye has not seen, nor ear heard, nor have entered into the heart of man,” which were ordained for our glory before the ages?

The Spirit Himself bears witness with our spirit that we are children of God, and if children, then heirs – heirs of God and joint heirs with Christ. Romans 8:16-17

The glory is that we have become children of God which is “Christ in us the hope of glory” Colossians 1:27 and partakers of the inheritance with Him. And through Jesus Christ these spirit and powers the rulers of the age are now in turn made subject to us. Therefore had they known the truth; that His death would unleash a new Christ being on earth who is to rule and have dominion [Curry Blake]. They would not have crucified Him. Jesus said, “Most assuredly, I say to you, unless a grain of wheat falls and dies it remains alone; but if it dies, it produces much grain. John 12:24

For the Spirit searches all things, yes, the deep things of God. For what man knows the things of man except the spirit of the man which is in him? Even so no one knows the things of God except the Spirit of God. Now we have received, not the spirit of the world, but the Spirit who is from God, that we might know the things that have been freely given to us by God.

That it takes the Spirit of God to know the deep things of God. And we the children of God are made able to know what God has prepared for us and what He has made available to us because He has given us His Holy Spirit to dwell in us.

These things we also speak, not in words which man’s wisdom teaches but which the Holy Spirit teaches, comparing spiritual things with spiritual. But the natural man does not receive the things of the Spirit of God, for they are foolishness to him; nor can he know them, because they are spiritually discerned.

Therefore these things we speak, we speak them not in the wisdom of man but in mystery that is in the Holy Spirit. Mystery because the natural man can not understand them, because he has the spirit of the world and not the Holy Spirit. Since he is speaking of wisdom that is shared among the mature, then when saying one who is spiritual, he is speaking of one who is mature in Christ; “But solid food belongs to those who are full age, that is those who by reason of use have their senses exercised to discern both good and evil.” Hebrews 5:14

But he who is [spiritual] judges all things, yet he himself is rightly judged by no one. For “who has known the mind of the Lord that he may instruct Him? But we have the mind of Christ.”

Then the comparison is between spiritual man [mature in Christ] and Christ. He who is spiritual [mature] judges all things, because he has the Spirit of God in Him and has attained to the mind of Christ. That is his mind has been renewed from the spirit of the world and has put on the new man “which was created according to God, in true righteousness and holiness.”

“And do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind, that you may prove what is that good and acceptable and perfect will of God.” Romans 12:2, [Ephesians 4:22-24]

Then an aspect of a mature believer with the mind of Christ is, the ability to discern both good and evil. Then it is a mind that discerns and not instructed [having to be told what is good and bad], a mind that understand the spirit of the matter and not of the letter. Therefore the mind of Christ is a mind renewed and honed and not something that is automatically there. It is worth much to bring in a sinner than it is to condemn him, and it is worth much to correct a saved person than to appease him. And Paul speaking of the spiritual goal of the believer says,

“Till we all come to the unity of the faith and of the knowledge of the Son of God, to a perfect man, to the measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ; that we should no longer be children, tossed to and fro and carried about with every wind of doctrine. Ephesians 4:13-14

1st Corinthians 3: Let No Man Boast in Men.

And, brethren, could not speak to you as to spiritual people but as to carnal, as to babes in Christ. I fed you with milk and not with solid food; for until now you were not able to receive it, and even now you are still not able; for you are still carnal. For where there are envy, strife, and division among you, are you not carnal and behaving like mere men? For when one says, “I am of Paul,” and another, “I am of Apollos,” are you not carnal?

Now Paul points to the fact that he is not able to speak to them of the wisdom of God, because they are still immature. As babes in Christ, who has just managed to understand the basic of the faith. That is they have come up short, though more was expected and are still in need of instruction in the basics of the faith and of conduct. He speaks in a similar way to the Hebrews, saying

For though you ought to be teachers, you need someone to teach you again the first principles of the oracles of God; you have come to need milk not solid food. For everyone who partakes only of milk is unskilled in the word of righteousness, for he is a babe. Hebrews 5:12-13

Though he is speaking of doctrine to the Hebrews and addressing conduct to the Corinthians the purpose of the statement remain the same, that is growth in knowledge of truth of God and the effect of that truth in the life of the believer. Then it is not knowledge the Corinthians lacked but conduct. Their conduct in the treatment of one another and the contention that was among them is compared to being no different from “mere man” which is unsaved. That is they have not attained to a discerning mind and their conduct revealed what they were able to receive.

Who then is Paul, and who is Apollos, but ministers through whom you believed as the Lord gave to each one? I planted, Apollos watered, but God gave the increase. So then neither he who plants is anything, nor he who waters, but God who gives the increase. Now he who plants and he who waters are one, and each one will receive his own reward according to his labour.

They missed the point of the teaching and have become bogged down on trivial no point matters therefore were not able to go beyond that. These difference has became a contention and division between them. They have sought to compare Paul to Apollos – measuring in such a way to draw distinction between the two and create factions. So Paul seeks to rectify that and explains he and Apollos are fulling different aspect of service to them. He has laid out the groundworks and had to feed them milk, by reason of their standing and him being first to reach them and what Apollos imparted to them is something with a different purpose. But this things are of no consequence what matters is God who brings forth the growth.

For we are God’s fellow workers; you are God’s field, you are God’s building. According to the grace of God which was given me, as a wise master builder I have laid the foundation, and another builds on it. Let each one taker how he builds on it. For no other foundation can anyone lay than that which is laid, which is Jesus Christ.

In saying another builds on it, he is speaking of the believer, what they have done after being saved. To this Paul follows it with a warning, the point he makes is that the foundation is set and none can change that, it is Jesus Christ and Him crucified. But as for the field or building, careful consideration is required. That is the purpose that accompanies salvation.

For the earth which drinks in the rain that often comes upon it, and bears herbs useful for those by whom it is cultivated, receives blessing from God; but if it bares thorns and briers it is rejected and near to being cursed, whose end is to be burned. But beloved, we are confident of better things concerning you, yes things that accompany salvation, though we speak in this manner. For God is not unjust to forget your work and labor of love which you have shown toward His name, in that you ministered to the saints and do minster. Hebrews 6:7-10

Now, if anyone builds on this foundation with gold, silver, precious stones, wood, hay, straw, each one’s work will become clear; for the Day will declare it, because it will be revealed by fire; and the fire will test each one’s work, of what sort it is. If anyone’s work which he has built on it endures, he will receive a reward. If anyone’s work is burned, he will suffer loss; but he himself will be saved, yet so as through fire.

That the building that is built and the ground that brings forth fruit are the same thing for which the believer is responsible for. “For we are His workmanship, created for good works, which God prepared beforehand that we should walk in them.” Ephesians 2:10 Then the believer is responsible for the building that rises and determines its reward. The planting followed by the watering which amount to how you receive the word,

Therefore Take heed what you hear. For whoever has, to him more will be given; and whoever does not have, even what he seems to have will be taken from him.” Luke 8:18

Jesus makes the above statement after giving the parable of the sower and soil, describing how each have heard the word of God and how the word was allowed to produce in their life. That those who receive the light of God it is intended for them to shine in the dark place. Then you are judged by the extent of knowledge of the word you have received, that is what you have put to practice determines the type of building, from the basic and flammable to precious and enduring.

Giving all diligence, add to your faith virtue, to virtue knowledge, to knowledge self-control, to self-control perseverance, to perseverance godliness, to godliness brotherly kindness, and to brotherly kindness love. For if these things are yours and abound you will neither be barren nor unfruitful in the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ. 2 Peter 1:5-8

Do you not know that you are the temple of God and that the Spirit of God dwells in you? If anyone defiles the temple of God, God will destroy him. For the temple of God is Holy, which temple you are.

After instructing them how each one had to take care how they build on it and the work they build on it will be tested the next point he brings is that, the manner they ought to conduct themselves, giving honour to the One who dwells in them, The Holy Spirit. That God will hold them responsible.

Let no one deceive himself. If anyone among you seems to be wise in this age, let him become fool that he may become wise.For the wisdom of this world is foolishness with God. For it is written, “He catches the wise in their own craftiness”; and again, “The Lord knows the thoughts of the wise, they are futile.”

That is let no one deceive himself, in the things of God, for the wisdom of this age will serve the world but not God. Therefore put aside such manner of thinking, and become as a fool in worldly wisdom that you may be wise in the things of God. Paul has already touched on, the world through wisdom can not know God and it is foolishness to Him. That it takes the Spirit of God to know Him then application of worldly thinking has no place.

Therefore let no one boast in men. For all things are yours: whether Paul or Apollos or Cephas, or the world or life or death, or things present, or things to come – all are yours. And you are Christ’s and Christ is God’s.

Then the things of man has of no value with God, [that is referring to natural ability], the oratory ability, presence or standing or any manner foolish thing. Looking not at the the vessel but the One who dwells within and is the teacher. The point is what is taught and not the vessel, as he said “we are God’s fellow workers.” AND “neither he who plants is anything nor he who waters but God who gives the increase.” Then to break into faction on such matters as identifying themselves according to those who taught them that is worldly concept. Because everything is given to you in Christ Jesus [even those who serve you for His sake] whose you are and have become co-inheritors of everything with Him.

And He put all things under His feet, and gave Him to be head over all things to the church, which is His body, the fullness of Him who fills all in all. Ephesians 1:22-23

[Notes for consideration] The point Paul is touching on is that, how Apollos was attributed to be an eloquent man and mighty in Scriptures and fervent in spirit [Passionate], though he knew not the baptism of the Holy Spirit, which is to say naturally gifted. Acts 18:24-25 and has come to the Corinthians after Paul left for Ephesus. Now taking this into consideration, some of the Corinthians had become enamoured by the manner Apollos addressed them that is his manner of speech and passion, and had became less impressed with Paul. His method of teaching also which somewhat differed from Paul’s and whose teaching may also have been a bit faulty Acts 18:26.

Now in the beginning of his letter Paul is addressing this very issues, and he explains how he did not come to them in excellence of speech nor the wisdom of man in declaring the testimony of God. And the fact he was the first to come to them which function he served [and could not speak to them of the deep things of God] and his service to them was according to God with power of the Holy Spirit. He also address this very point in his 2nd letter to them, how some derided him saying, “For his letters,” they say, “are weighty and powerful, but his bodily presence is weak and his speech is contemptible.” 2nd Corinthians 10:10 That they were fixated on the natural and not of the Spirit.

1st Corinthians 4: Not in Word but in Power.

Let a man so consider us, as servants of Christ and stewards of the mysteries of God. Moreover it is required in stewards that one be found faithful. But with me it is a very small thing that I should be judged by you or by a human court. In fact I do not even judge myself. For I know of nothing against myself, yet I am not justified by this; But He who judges me is the Lord.

Paul’s point is do not boast in men and don’t look at worldly qualities. But accept us as what we are, the Lord’s servants for your sake and as those to whom His mysteries are committed to. There is a quality to be found in a trusted steward that is he has to be faithful to His master. However, even in this matter Paul does not commit judgment to no other; the judgment of man is of no value nor the expectation of worldly system. Then the point he is making is, neither what any man or what the world thinks of me is of any consequence. Nor even of what I think of myself – because in my own eyes I am justified [I see not my fault] but what counts is the Lord’s judgment, whom I serve.

“Who are you to judge another’s servant? To his own master he stands or falls.” AND “Each of us will give account of himself to God.” Romans 14:4,12

Therefore judge nothing before the time until the Lord comes, who will bring to light the hidden things of darkness and revel the counsels of the hearts. Then each one’s praise will come from God.

If that be the case then we must not judge in such matters [service to God] because the Lord will revel the motivations of the heart and every act done in a cover of darkness. It is the heart of the matter what counts, which no man can fully perceive. “For nothing is secret that will not be revealed, nor anything hidden that will not be known and come to light. Therefore take heed how you hear.” Luke 8:17-18 Though Paul presented his teaching in weakness and simplicity but it was according to the purpose of God.

Do not judge according to appearance, but judge with righteous judgment. John 7:24

Now these things, brethren, I have figuratively transferred to myself and Apollos for your sakes, that you may learn in us not to go beyond what is written, that none you be puffed up on behalf one against the other. For who makes you differ from another? And what do you have that you did not receive? Now if you did indeed receive it, why do you boast as if you had not received it?

Application: Apollos eloquent in speech and stature and Paul unskilled in speaking lacking presences. They have taken these qualities [gifting] and used it for reason of division, by associating themselves with one teacher over the other to boast in one and criticise the other. He has told them [how such thinking exhibit their spiritual state] and how they have missed the point. Each teacher presented his part according to the purpose of God, but they have made the natural to be a barrier to receive from another. [Which aspect [the natural attribute of his and Apollos] Paul himself used to illustrate his point.] The next point he makes is to apply this principle to themselves. If what you have is what God has given you then should you boast in as if you did not receive it? [They have excelled in the gifts of God, they were blessed in all utterances and knowledge.]

[?] You are already full! You are already rich! You have reigned as kings without us [?] [better received as a question format] – and indeed I could wish you did reign, that we also might reign with you! For I think that God has displayed us, the apostles, last, as men condemned to death; for we have been made a spectacle to the world both to the angels and men. We are fools for Christ’s sake, but you are wise in Christ! We are weak, you are strong! You are distinguished, but we are dishonoured!

Paul is then asking them a hypothetical questions. Now you are boastful! As if to say, have you got all that you need, have you become fulfilled that you require nothing more form us? Have you already began to reign as kings apart from us? [I wish it was so that we might take part with you.] For it seems to me [GOD] has so chosen; uses them and the apostles as a comparison point. If they were as kings the apostles exhibited as doomed prisoners of war, [NLT]. And continues the comparison that in Christ they are made fools, weak and dishonoured in the worlds estimate. But what the world holds in esteem they have willingly disregarded.

For if we are beside ourselves, it is for God; or if we are of sound mind it is for you. For the love of Christ compels us, because we judged thus; that if One died for all, then all died; and He died for all, that those who live should live no longer for themselves, but for Him who died for them and rose again. 2 Corinthians 5:13-15 [the reason why they do what they do]

To the present hour we hunger and thirst, and we are poorly clothed, and beaten, and homeless. And we labour with our own hands. Being reviled, we bless; being persecuted, we endure; being defame, we entreat. We have been made as the filth of the world, the offscouring of all things until now.

Paul is trying to bring their view into perspective by portraying to them what they endured in order to proclaim Christ. While they continued in the pursuit of life, they to the present moment are endeavouring in the service of Christ, in all hardship, in hunger and thirst, continually on the road and in peril, being abused, persecuted and ridiculed. Labouring with their own hands and striving in all things so that the gospel might be presented without any hinderance. But this might appear weak in your sight and the world, but are done in the service of God in the Spirit.

I do not write these things to shame you, but as my beloved children I warn you. For though you might have ten thousands instructors in Christ, yet you do not have many fathers; for in Christ Jesus I have begotten you though the gospel. Therefore I urge you imitate me. For this reason I have sent Timothy to you, who is my beloved and faithful son in the Lord, who will remind you of my ways in Christ, as I teach everywhere in every church.

The main issue with Corinthians is appearance and Paul is trying to persuaded them to look beyond. That as apostles they are forging new grounds and put great effort so that the word of God may come to places without any hinderance. When he came to them he came in fear and trembling, working with his own hands among them and proclaiming the word, desiring nothing from them but their salvation that they may be established. Though many may come to build on you, but it is I who set the foundation of Christ in you. If you would take an example take me as one. As one who laid all things down for Christ. He wants them to have the right model of Christ, not just having knowledge and missing the heart of the matter.

Now some are puffed up, as though I were not coming to you. But I will come to you shortly, if the Lord wills and I will know, not the word of those who are puffed up but the power. For the kingdom of God is not in word but in power. What do you want? Shall I come to you with rod, or in love and a spirit of gentleness.

Now in speaking this, he is addressing those, who sought to spread dissension using the natural aspects as a point for criticism and have so sought to disregard Paul and what he had to offer. They have so elevated themselves as if they required nothing more. They have so boasted in their eloquence and stature, but he is saying the measure is not the multitude of your words but in power. So offering them a choice do you want me to come and cut you to size and bring to light the your lack of power OR in love [that is hoping they recognise their faults and may not need rebuke.]

[Notes for consideration] Apollos, Cephas & Paul’s teaching are in agreement in keeping with the word of the Lord, but the Corinthians have sought devision in the manner the teaching of the gospel was presented. They have not looked beyond the surface, and the purpose each teacher fulfilled. It is not to say they should not judge what is taught.

1st Corinthians 5: Chastised in the Lord.

It is actually reported that there is sexual immorality among you, and such sexual immorality as is not even named among the Gentiles – that a man has his father’s wife! And you are puffed up, and have not rather mourned, that he has done this deed might be taken away from among you.

Then next point is to bring to light is the condition that exists among them. They have boasted and sought to bring to criticism on the servant of the Lord yet among them such immorality is committed. [How can you boast and be puffed up?] – the offence is that, such an act is not even present in the world. Their need for supervision and instruction is made apparent that they have not yet attained to such a mind in Christ.

For I indeed, as absent in the body but present in spirit, have already judged [as though I were present] him who has done this deed. In the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, when you are gathered together, along with my spirit, with the power of our Lord Jesus Christ, deliver such a one to Satan for the destruction of the flesh, that his spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus.

Paul’s instruction on how to deal with such a person is to stop fellowship with him for the time being. Says I already given my consent and judgment. So when you gather as a church take the necessary steps in the power of the Lord, together with me as one who has already given authority in agreement with you. That the enemy may come in to bring affliction [destruction of the flesh.] for a period of time through the consent of those who are in authority with the power of the Lord. [Similar action is taken by Paul in 1 Timothy 1:20]

How does the Lord chastise and correct us, we chastised by the things that come upon us. Israel many times have been corrected by the Lord, each time the enemy had found entry into the midst and brought affliction upon them until they learned and turned back to the Lord. It is the same authority given here, but it has to be in agreement with the Lord and in His power. It is never because a collection of people so decided but “with the power of the Lord Jesus Christ.” Jesus speaking in the parable of the unforgiving servants says, the servant is given over to the tormentors until he has paid what he owed because he did not show compassion to his fellow servant.

Then the point is, the church has authority to discipline their members of gross misconduct, not by just cutting of fellowship for a time, but even to allow the enemy to chastise them for their action, if indeed the offence is true and the decision in agreement with the word of the Lord. The Lord would never inflict pain on us nor would He bring disasters but gives leeway for the enemy. Job was not afflicted by God but by the enemy though God did consent to it. And this stipulations are part of the new covenant.

“My son do not despise the chastening of the Lord, nor be discouraged when you are rebuked by Him; for whom the Lord loves He chastens, and scourges every son whom He receives.” If you endure chastening, God deals with you as with sons; Hebrews 12 :5-7
As many as I love, I rebuke and chasten. Therefore be zealous and repent. Revelation 3:19 [If it is not in response to error there would be no need to stipulate repentance in association with chastening.]

It is not to speak of persecution or all manner of difficulties that come from dealing with the world, those must come [no servant is greater than his master.] But there are difficulties that befall us in our own disobedience, not giving heed to His word though in this incident the deeds of the flesh of such magnitude, required an open reprimand.

That no one should take advantage of and defraud his brother in this matter [sexual immorality], because the Lord is an avenger of all such, as we also forewarned you and testified [given you an example]. 1 Thessalonians 4:6

Your glorying is not good. Do you not know that a little leaven leavens the whole lump? Therefore purge put the old leaven, that you may be a new lump, since you truly are unleavened. For indeed Christ our Passover, was sacrificed for us. Therefore let us keep the feast, not with the leaven of malice and wickedness, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth.

You have no grounds for boasting, while such things is among you and talked about. The fact it is not dealt with is evident you are unaware your tolerance of such matter, will only lead more of the body to seemingly think such behaviours are acceptable. So, put away such old manner of conduct because you have been cleansed by the precious blood of Christ “In Him we have redemption through His blood, the forgiveness of sins.” Ephesians 1:7 Therefore walk in a new way in keeping to your new state. It is a portrayal of concept and not rules, therefore do not act in what is wicked or hurtful but seek to love, in truth and being sincere.

That you may put off, concerning your former conduct, the old man which grows corrupt according to the deceitful lusts, and be renewed in the spirit of mind and that you put on the new man. Ephesians 4:22-23

In the feast of unleavened bread, which is the next 7 days after Passover, all leaven is put out of the house and only unleavened bread is eaten. Exodus 13:6-7, Leviticus 23:5-6. [Which is in a manner to say all sin must be put away [leaven is a process of corruption] and to live clean and godly lives.] That we are to do these, putting to death the flesh and to live by the spirit. [Galatians 5:19-23]

And those who are Christ’s have crucified the flesh with its passions and desires. If we live in the spirit, let us walk in the spirit. Let us not become conceited, provoking one another, envying one another. Galatians 5:24-26

I wrote to you in my epistle not to keep company with sexual immoral people. Yet I certainly did not mean with the sexually immoral people of this world, or with the covetous, or extortioners, or idolaters, since then you would need to go out of the world. But now I have written to you not to keep company with anyone named a brother, who is sexually immoral, or covetous, or an idolater, or a reviler, or a drunkard, or an extortioner – not even to eat with such a person.

It seems these are not the only letters which Paul wrote to the Corinthians. Paul had previously exhorted them in a manner of sexual misconduct. How they ought to distance themselves from those who continue in such manner. Which gives weight to the steps he has taken in dealing of the person who committed such deed among them. And they have not paid attention to his former letter, since they did not take any steps to address the matter. Perhaps could be the reason why he saw a need to test their obedience in this matter, which he affirms in his 2nd letter saying ” For to this end I wrote, that I might put you to the test, whether you are obedient in all things. 2nd Corinthians 2:9

Paul also seeking to give more clarification to the instruction he had previously given: that it is not from those who are in the world and in darkness who do not know any better but from the ones who bare the name of a brother yet insist in continuing in the old manner, who seek not to repent from their old ways. So he makes his instruction very clear, Do not keep company with such a person not even to eat with them.

For what have I to do with judging those who are outside? Do you not judge those who are inside? But those who are outside God judges. Therefore “put away from yourselves the evil person.”

In regards to those who are in the world, it is to seek to reconcile them to God. And not to bring any judgment on them, “God was in Christ reconciling the world to Himself, not imputing their trespasses to them and has committed to us the word of reconciliation. 2 Corinthians 5:19 AND “Because in His forbearance God has passed over the sins that were previously committed.” Romans 3:25 Then we have no right to judge those outside, for we were also saved in the same manner of grace, the deeds of our past having no bearing. However more is to be expected from those who are inside. That is to walk in righteousness.

The point is there is a change of nature that happens in the believer. The man outside does what he does through lack of strength but the one who seeks to continue in it after coming to the knowledge of the truth he does so wilfully. If God’s wrath is to come upon the sons of disobedience because these things should you continue to walk in them? Then Paul’s point in this matter is “Evil company corrupts good habits.” 1 Corinthians 15:33 which he later states.

For this you know, that no fornicator, unclean person nor covetous man, who is an idolator, has nay inheritance in the kingdom of Christ and God. Let no one deceive you with empty words, for because of these things the wrath of God comes upon the sons of disobedience. Therefore do not be partakers with them. Ephesians 5:5-7

[Note for consideration:] Corinthians are an example of a teaching to be given to babes in Christ, new converts young in the faith, with a flesh disposition. That he did not so much dwell on the aspect of grace though we know grace is a fundamental aspect of the faith. Yet to this new converts, who lacked nothing of spiritual gifts, he did not utter grace to them. because if he had spoken to them of grace a mature subject they would have continued in sin, without any due regard. But he called out and brought to light everything he perceived to be wrong in the midst of them admonishing them to set it right. He instructed them in code of conduct, expected of one who follows Christ and giving them warning that those who are in flesh will not inherit the kingdom. Therefore takes steps to chastises. As he also instructs Timothy to do so saying, “Those who are sinning rebuke in the presences of all, that the rest also may fear.” 1 Timothy 5:20

1st Corinthians 6: God’s Purchased Possession.

Dare any of you, having a matter against another, go to law before the unrighteous and not before the saints? Do you not know that the saints will judge the world? And if the world will be judged by you, are you unworthy to judge the smallest matters? Do you not know that that we shall judge angles? How much more, things that pertain to this life?

Paul continues to address matters of conduct, he has addressed the matter of sexual immorality, now he is addressing [business dealings] [swindling or cheating not extortion [use of force for money] it is not logical to go to court on that matter of extortion more to the law enforcers. But here the matter is brought before unbelieving judge to resolve a matter in dealings that is one believer is ether swindled or cheated in a deal by another believer. Paul begins his address in the matter with total astonishment that they have so acted and seeks to give them perspective in what they are called to do the greatness of its magnitude and how this matters are so little in compare. The point he makes is the world and even angles are to be judged by you, how is it you seek the judgement of the world?

If then you have judgment concerning things pertaining to this life, do you appoint those who are least esteemed by the church to judge? I say this to your shame. Is it so, that there is not a wise man among you, not even one, who will be able to judge between his brethren? But brother goes to law against brother, and that before unbelievers!

The heart of the matter is not church procedures but the fact they have not changed at all, and have continued as they have always done in the world. It is not the lack of wise person among them to resolve issues but the fact they are still squabbling as those who are in the world. In the very least he is saying, if you need to bring accusation against one another should you do it before those who are unbelievers [therefore unrighteous?]. Do you not have foresight to deal the matter before your own brethren? Do you not realise you bring bad report on the church in sight of those who do not believe? [Not only did they not realise that they ought to walk by a hire standard but had no regard of the consequence of such actions has on the church.]

Now, therefore, it is already an utter failure for you that you go to law against one another. Why do you not rather accept wrong? Why do you not rather let yourselves be cheated? No, you yourselves do wrong and cheat, and you do these things to your brethren.

Here he makes his point clear, that is the very fact such matter had to be raised in the first place is the disappointing fact. A dispute over wrongful act [cheating and swindling] but the greater shame of it is not having a growth in spirit to over look the matter but to seek to bring accusation for recompense from one another. To him both parties are alike, unchanged. The swindler and the one who took it the law before the unrighteous.

Do you not know the unrighteous will not inherit the kingdom of God? Do not be deceived. Neither fornicators, not idolaters, not adulterers, nor homosexuals, nor sodomites, nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners [swindlers/Cheats] will inherit the kingdom of God. And such were some of you. But you were washed, but you were sanctified, but you were justified in the name of the Lord Jesus and by the Spirit of God.

Paul continues from how they themselves are the ones who is doing wrong then points how the unrighteous do not inherit the kingdom of God and goes on to describe the deeds of the unrighteous. [Stop Being Deceived] [thought] He is pointing to the dangers of sin, in his letter to the Hebrews Paul writes saying to exhort one another “lest any of you be hardened through the deceitfulness of sin.” Hebrews 3:13 That sin got a pernicious effect, where its presences is tolerated.

Paul is drawing a parallel between them and those who are unrighteous as to make his point, if they are unrighteous and do not inherit the kingdom of God, and the wrath of God is to come on them on the account of it, Ephesians 5:6 then should you be doing the same? Then he reminds them that is what you were but are no longer are, your sins are washed away by the blood of Christ, you are set apart and made righteous in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and by the Spirit of God.

[Note for consideration] When saying extortioners a better fit in keeping to the whole text as mentioned above and other bible translations is [swindlers or cheats] which is only referred to Corinthians in regards to their dealing with one another.

All things are lawful for me, but all things are not helpful. All things are lawful for me, but I will not be brought under the power of any. Foods for the stomach and the stomach for foods, but God will destroy both it and them. Now the body is not for sexual immorality but for the Lord, and the Lord for the body. And God both raised up the Lord and will also raise us up by His power.

When reading “All things are lawful for me,” It seems as though he is speaking in relation to the concept described above [as in the unrighteous acts] that everything is permitted but the points is not be made a slave to anything. However this runs in contradiction to what he has already exhorted and reprimanded them for. In his letters to the Romans he has taught saying “How shall we who died to sin live any longer in it?” Romans 6:2 Then Paul is NOT saying we are free to do all the things that unrighteous do which runs contrary to every letter he has written. [Gal 5:16-21, Ephesians 5:3-7, Colossians 3:5-9, 1 Thessalonians 4:3-8]

The [K.Wuest translation of New Testament] stipulates “all [good] things are lawful.” As in all permissible things are granted to me to do but I will not be slaved by them. This is to be read in conjunction to the point he address later in chapter 8 and 10 of his letter, where he touches on subjects of food sacrificed to idols. He address his point in the issue of food as a lawful thing but he will not be put under it as in excess or can not do without. Though food is to stomach and one is made for the other. But by the same measure he says the body is not made for sexual immorality but for the Lord. That is, it is not in the realm of the lawful things. [?] vs.14: how is it being raised up with Lord brought into context ?? ]

Do you not know that your bodies are members of Christ? Shall I then take the members of Christ and make them a members of a harlot? Certainly not! Or do you not know the he who is joined to a harlot is one body with her? For “the two” He says, “shall become one flesh.” But he who is joined to the Lord is one spirit with Him.

Our bodies are part of the body of Jesus Christ, then that be the case how can I take the body of Christ and join it to a harlot. [or in modern terms, how can I join myself to another without the grounds of permanent union but for mere satisfaction of the flesh as mere fancy?] The magnitude of having sexual intercourse is the union into one flesh, then it is not to be ventured into outside the context of marriage. [He is one spirit with the Lord.] Then if you are of one spirit with the Lord, should you so act in fornication? [if to be joined to the Lord is to be one spirit with Him then, to be joined with another is to be perceived with the same context which makes divorce outside of the breaking of this bond unlawful. Then it is not so much an issue of grace [but a matter of spiritual law].

Flee sexual immorality. Every sin that a man does is outside the body, but he who commits sexual immorality sins against his own body. Or do you not know that your body is the temple of the Holy Spirit who is in you, whom you have from God, and you are not your own? For you were bought at a price; therefore glorify God in your body [and in your spirit, which are God’s.]

If we read this in relation to Chapter 3:17 “If anyone defiles the temple of God, God will destroy him.” If it is through sexual immorality we sin against our bodies, then it is sexual immorality that defiles the temple of the Holy Spirit and God will not hold us guiltless who make a practice of such things. That is we are purchased at a great cost, and our bodies made a habitation for God, then live in a manner that glorifies the one who lives in you and paid a great price to wash you from your past conduct.

1st Corinthians 7: Marriage.

Now Concerning the things of which you wrote to me: It is good for a man not to touch a woman.Nevertheless because of sexual immorality, let each man has have his own wife, and let each woman have her own husband. Let the husband render to his wife the affection due her, and likewise also the wife to her husband. The wife does not have authority over her own body but her husband does, likewise the husband does not have authority over his own body the wife does.

Married in the Lord: To live a life celibacy and holiness is a perfectly acceptable pursuit, but because of the tendencies to fornicate [due to the bodies natural drive] let a husband have a wife and wife a husband. Therefore the rendering of affection due to one another is an important aspect of marriage. That each one does not have authority over their own body but the respective husband or wife does. It is not right to use sex as a means of power or means to punish one another. Through marriage you have become one flesh and the other partner has as much right to your body as you have of theirs. “For this reason a man shall leave his father and mother and be joined to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh. So then they are no longer two but one flesh.” Matthew 19:5-6 You have given yourselves to one another so live in consideration of each other.

Do not deprive one another except with consent for a time, that you may give yourselves to fasting and prayer; and come together again so that Satan does not tempt you because of your lack of self-control. But I say this as a concession not as a commandment. For I wish that all men were even as I myself. But each one has his own gift from God, one in this manner and another in that.

Therefore if any abstaining is to be made let it be in agreement with one other for the purposes of fasting and prayer. And let this be within the limit of your ability that you may not fall foul to temptations. That is by all means sexual immorality [fornication] is to be avoided. Even to find a husband or wife, not to deprive one another. However, Paul’s perspective is that if possible may all men be like he is, as one who has received a gift from God to have their body under control. This is spiritual gift from God, which He gives to one in one manner and to another in a deferent manner. [Not all are cut out for it – and Paul has a specific reason why he desires others to be like him, which he explains later.]

But I say to the unmarried and to the widows: It is good for them if they remain even as I am; but if they cannot exercise self-control, let them marry than to burn with passion. Now to the married I command, yet no I but the Lord: A wife is not to depart from her husband. But even if she does depart, let her remain unmarried or be reconciled to her husband. And a husband is not to divorce his wife.

Again, Paul advocates a life of holiness and dedicated to the Lord if at all possible for one to do it. However, if at all they are not able then it is far better to be married than to struggle with sexual desires and be in danger of committing sexual immorality. The stipulation to marriage is, it is for life as the Lord commanded, “So then they are no longer two but one flesh. Therefore what God has joined together let not man separate.” Matthew 19:6, And “I say to you, whoever divorces his wife except for sexual immorality, and marries another, commits adultery; and whoever marries her who is divorced commits adultery.” Matthew 19:9

But to the rest I, not the Lord, say: If any brother has a wife who does not believe, and she is willing to live with him, let him not divorce her. And a woman who has a husband who does not believe, if he is willing to live with her, let her not divorce him. For the unbelieving husband is sanctified by the wife, and the unbelieving wife is sanctified by the husband; otherwise your children would be unclean, but now they are holy. But if the unbeliever departs, let him depart; a brother or a sister is not under bondage in such a cases. But God has called you to peace. For how do you know, O wife, whether you will save your husband? Or how do you know husband, whether you will save your wife?

Married to unbelievers: Now speaking to those who are already in some predicament as to be involved with unbelieving partners, Paul’s stipulations is as believers they ought to honour the sanctity of marriage and not to seek to divorce themselves. When saying the unbelieving husband or wife is sanctified by the believing wife or husband then it is in the relation of being considered one flesh through the act of marriage. That they are sanctified in the flesh, since they are accounted as part of the body of a sanctified person in Christ. Not to say they are granted salvation through marriage. Peter advising on the conduct of wives, suggests through their chaste behaviour they may be able to save their unbelieving husbands. “Wives, likewise, be submissive to your own husbands, that even if some do not obey the word, they without a word, may be won by the conduct of their wives, when they observe your chaste conduct accompanied by fear.” 1 Peter 3:1-2

Then it is in respect to whether the marriage is in the Lord or not, since a marriage in the Lord [believing husband and wife] stipulates no divorce and children born are holy. However in this case the children are considered to be holy, [as one born under covenant: set apart], by the virtue of the unbelieving partner being sanctified. Nonetheless the marriage is not as a covenant in the Lord, because he specifies if the unbelieving partner separates [without any stipulation of infidelity, could just be unwilling to live with a believing person] then the believer is considered free from that [bondage] not covenant. And is called to peace in God, that is able to continue without any restrictions mentioned above, then is free to marry [though it be in the Lord.]

Do not be unequally yoked together with unbelievers. For what fellowship has righteousness with lawlessness? And what communion has light with darkness? And what accord has Christ with Belial? Or what part has a believer with unbeliever? And what agreement has the temple of God with idols? 2 Corinthians 6:14-15

In his second later Paul makes the above statement then marriage can be seen through the new nature. As one’s born in Christ we have become new creatures, as such we ought not to seek to be one flesh with unbelievers [since we have no guaranty we will save them.] That is to seek to unit Christ with “Belial”or as the temple of the Holy Spirit we ought not to have such accord [union] with idols. That is the significance of the stipulation of intermarriage union in the law, not for the sake of race but faith.

You shall make no covenant with them nor show mercy to them. Nor shall you make marriage with them. You shall not give your daughter to their son, nor take their daughter for your son. For they will turn your sons away from following Me, to serve other gods. Deuteronomy 7:2-4
Did not Solomon king of Israel sin by these things? Yet among many nations there was no king like him, who was beloved of his God; and God made him king over Israel. Nevertheless pagan women caused even him to sin. Should we then hear of your doing all this great evil, transgressing against our God by marrying pagan women? Nehemiah 13:26-27

However, in circumstance of those who adopted the God of Israel, they were considered as one of the natives [Rehab, Ruth the Moabites & Uriah the Hittite] “Your people shall be my people, and your God, my God.” Ruth1:16. Therefore when Paul says, “How do you know whether you will save your wife or husband?” he is making the statement in light of the unbelieving partner departing. As to say you have no guaranty to think that you will be able to bring them into the Lord. Therefore if they so desire to depart let it be so, you have not need to wait as one separated in the Lord, you have been called to peace.

Then the basic point is marriage in the site of the believing partner is to be held in honour, whether it be to believer or unbeliever. Divorce is never to be sought out unless in the aforementioned circumstances, [Though it ought to be specified in abusive circumstances, no one is obligated to subject themselves, but may seek to separate themselves.] However there is a clear distinction between marriage within believing parties and in the case of being joined to unbeliever. Therefore as a believer do not seek to be joined in such union [outside of the Lord].

But as God has distributed to each one, as the Lord has called each one, so let him walk. And so I ordain in all the churches. Was anyone called while circumcised? Let him not become uncircumcised. Was anyone called while uncircumcised? Let him not be circumcised. Circumcision is nothing and uncircumcision is nothing, but keeping the commandments of God is what matters.

In whatever state you find yourself when coming into faith, continue to walk in that. The state of the flesh is of no consequence therefore do not seek to change, what matters is your obedience to God. “For in Christ Jesus neither circumcision nor uncircumcision avails anything, but faith working through love.” Galatians 5:6

Let each one remain int same calling in which he is called. Were you called while a slave? Do not be concerned about it; but if you can be made free, rather use it. For he is called in the Lord while a slave is the Lord’s freeman. Likewise he who is called while free is Christ’s slave. You are bought at a price; do not become slaves of men. But let each one remain with God in that state in which he is called.

Whatever you find yourself in continue in that, using the example of slave, Paul states continue as you are [though you are enslaved, you are freedman in the Lord.] His advice is that to excel in your serving as one who works for the Lord not man. Therefore people won’t come to faith in Christ for the wrong reasons nor will the faith in Christ be evil spoken of.

Let as many bondservants as are under yoke count their own masters worth of all honour, so that the name of God and His doctrine may not be blasphemed. And those who have believing masters, let them not despise them because they are brethren, but rather serve them because those who are benefited are believers and beloved. 1 Timothy 6:1-2
Bondservants obey in all things your masters according to the flesh, not with eye service, as men pleasers but with sincerity of heart, fearing God. And whatever you do, do it heartily, as to the Lord and to men, knowing that form the Lord you will receive the reward of the inheritance; for you serve the Lord Christ.

Paul point is that to excel in your work for the sake of the Lord whom you are serving that in no way it shall be evil spoken of. However, if you can be made free take that opportunity. Paul speaks of marriage to unbeliever in same light as one being set free from bondage. Then do not make yourselves subservients to men, that is do not be made a slave nor enter to such union. Nonetheless continue in the state you find yourselves in.

Now concerning virgins: I have no commandments from the Lord; yet I give judgment as one whom the Lord in His mercy has made trust worthy. I suppose therefore that this is good because of the present distress – that is good for a man to remain as he is: Are you bound [betrothed] to wife? Do not seek to be loosed. Are you loosed from a wife? Do not seek a wife. But even you marry you have not sinned; and if a virgin marries, she has not sinned. Nevertheless such will have trouble in the flesh, but I would to spare you.

Young Couples [the Betrothed]: There is a seperation here, the first part is addressed to those who have taken part or have known physical intimacy, when they have come to the faith. As such the worry is that if they are not able to keep their body at bay and they might be enticed to fornicate and sin. Therefore his advice is to seek to have a husband or wife. But here Paul is addressing those who have not known such aspects of union, which in itself is an advantage to them. However he gives no direct instructions but as to give heed to the present world circumstances, the best thing to do is to remain in the sate you are in. [As saying if you are betrothed do not seek to break it, and if you are not engaged do not seek to be on the account of the days that is upon us- for the time being.]

[Present Distress:] Possible consideration is of circumstances referred in Acts 18, is Claudius had decreed the eviction of the Jews from Rome [Ad 49-50]. During which time Paul was in the process of preaching in Achaia: Corinth, then onto Ephesus [he had spent 2 years there when coming back for another round.] During which time he wrote his first supposed letter to Corinthians. “But will remain in Ephesus until pentecost. For a great and effective door has opened to me, and there are many adversaries.” 1 Corinthians 16:8

But this I say, brethren, the time is short, so that from now on even those who have wives should be as though they had none, those who weep as they did not weep, those who rejoice as though they did not rejoice, those who buy as though they did not possess, and those who use this world as not misusing it. For this form of this world is passing away.

The purpose is the time of stability or world structure as we know it is quick coming to an end. [Because he mentions the present distress, as being the reason not to marry.] Then therefore putting everything aside, if married not counting that as a priority, are you in mourning then put that aside, have you got something to celebrate then lay that aside too. Are you great in acquiring possessions [be as one who don’t possess as being not tied down to property]. Setting your site in the pursuit of advancing the gospel, because the time is fast advancing when we will not have such stability and freedom to do so. Therefore he is specifically speaking for their period of time: it is not to be supposed he is giving advice in the conduct of marriage in the Lord, which contradicts all his other writings.

But I want you to be without care. He who is unmarried care for the things of the Lord – how he may please the Lord. But he who is married cares about the things of this world – how he may please his wife. There is a difference between a wife and a virgin.The unmarried woman [virgin] cares about the things of the Lord, that she may be holy both in body and spirit. But she who is married cares about the things of the world – how she may please her husband. And this I say for your own profit, not that I may put a leash on you, but for what is proper, and that you may serve the Lord without distraction.

Here Paul continues his advice to virgins, therefore when saying unmarried he is referring to those who are virgins, and how through marriage their perspective will change. Paul has already addressed all other aspects already in previous paragraphs. Therefore be without anxious care, that is do not be drawn into the cares of the world. His main point in seeking all were like him, because then they would put the Lord first in everything and are able to serve him without distraction, that is without a divided heart. He is not giving this as condition or something to be strictly observed but as one who is giving an experienced advice. Taking into account the current times and how to draw out the best service to the Lord.

But if a man thinks he is behaving improperly to towards his virgin, if she is past the flower of her youth, and thus it must be, let him do what he wishes. He does not sin; let them marry. Nevertheless he who stands fast in his heart, having no necessity, but has power over his own will, and so determined in his heart that he keeps his virgin does well. ~~So then he who gives her in marriage does well, but he who does not give her in marriage does better.~~[Better Meaning:Then he who marries her does well and he who refrains from marriage does even better. [NIV, NLT, ESV]]

Taking in the whole context of the passage then it is more feasible to think Paul is using this section to speak to those who are promised to be married [who have not known intimacy] . A betrothed man may be acting improperly, drawn by passion and she [virgin] is of age then let them do as they please, let them marry [it is not sin]. However, the second point is of the one who is also betrothed to be married, yet this one having his desires under control [having no necessity, power over his own will], so decides not to marry he does better. [That is to keep her as his betrothed: meaning does not enter into marriage now, as for her to say in her fathers house for the time being.] Taking into account of the present circumstances and the over all context of his advice it is good for a man or woman to be as they are that he may serve the Lord without distraction which he extended to every category.

[Notes for consideration]: Though some translations present this paragraph as father giving his daughter in marriage, it does not quite fit the context. It is not feasible to think why a father would act improperly to his virgin daughter, even if considering unfairly restraining her, then the question is why would it be a consideration of sin in giving her in marriage? Why even say “if a man” would not father be a better suit? But if a man is seeking to know his betrothed then he is saying it is not sin let them marry and don’t forbid them. Also what has a fathers will has to do with his necessity in regards to his virgin daughter. If the first part of the clause is referring to betrothed man and his virgin then second part [the comparison ]ought to continue in the same manner. Therefore from verse 25-38 is addressing the issue of young couples exclusively; betrothed man to his virgin.

A wife is bound by law as long as her husband lives; but if her husband dies, she is at liberty to be married to whom she wishes, only in the Lord. But she is happier if she remains as she is, according to my judgment – and I think I also have the Spirit of God.

Paul is closing his discourse in regards to the question they have asked of him. He has already given advice on how they ought not to seek divorce those who are married in the Lord. And even in the instances of coming to faith while being married to unbeliever his advice is to continue as they are not to seek to divorce themselves given that the unbelieving partner seeks to remain. So he has covered all aspects of states, from virgins to widows. The final issue is re-marriage, he has stipulated no divorce in the Lord, then “if her husband dies” then she is free to marry but it must be in the Lord. However the same preferred advice is given, that is to remains as they are given they have their body under control.

1st Corinthians 8: Eating Things Sacrificed to Idols.

Now concerning things offered to idols: We know that we all have knowledge. Knowledge puffs up, but love edifies. And if anyone thinks that he knows anything, he knows nothing yet as he ought to know. But if anyone loves God, this one is known by Him.

Paul opens this part of the section, by encapsulating the objective ought to be Love. He has already addressed the fact that the Corinthians are not lacking in knowledge, but this knowledge without love is just grandiose, the purpose ought to be edify one another in love. That is the love of God, ought to shape our action. Therefore, how we conduct ourselves in love is what identifies us to Him: and our love towards Him is expressed in no other way but how we are with one another. “let all that you do be done with Love.” 1 Corinthians 16:14 AND “If we love one another, God abides in us, and His love has been perfected in us.” 1 John 4:12

Therefore concerning the eating of things offered to idols, we know that an idol is nothing in the world, and that there is not other God but one. For even if there are so-called gods, whether in haven or on earth [as there are many gods and many lords], yet for us there is one God, the Father, of whom are all things, and we for Him; and one Lord Jesus Christ, through whom are all things, and through whom we live.

The basic truth that govern our action in regards to eating food sacrificed to idols or not is the fact that there is no other God. Though sacrifices are made to these false idols [that is the various gods and lords of the world] however that is what they are false therefore are inconsequential.

However, there is not this in everyone that knowledge; for some, with consciousness of the idol, until now eat it as a thing offered to an idol; and their conscience being weak is defiled. But food does not commend is to God; for neither if we eat are we better, not if we do not eat are we the worse.

Now Paul is addressing the problem, which is among the believers there are some who still considers idols to be something. And when they eat the food that is sacrificed to idol, they do so in the consciousness of that idol as to taking part in worship and they being weak, their conscious is defiled and become [self] condemned. But we are not justified by what we eat or do not eat. Jesus said, ” Whatever enters a man from the outside cannot defile him, because it does not enter the heart but his stomach, and is eliminated.” Mark: 7:18-19

But beware lest somehow this liberty of yours become a stumbling block of those who are weak. For if anyone see you who have knowledge eating in an idol’s temple, will not the conscience of him who is weak be emboldened to eat those things offered to idols? and because of your knowledge shall the weak brother perish, for whom Christ died?

Paul comes to his opening statement in regards of having knowledge, that without love that knowledge can be destructive. The danger being that because of the carelessness of the one who has knowledge, the one who lacks understanding is mislead. The fact that the weak considers it to be unclean in that he is offering worship, he condemns himself. “there is nothing unclean of itself; but to him who considers anything to be unclean to him is unclean.” Romans 14:14

But when you thus sin against the brethren, and wound their weak conscience, you sin agains Christ. Therefore, if food makes my brother stumble, I will never again eat meat, lest I make my brother stumble.

Then this is the point, we are know to God by the love we have for one another. If we in knowledge sin against the brethren becoming a stumbling block, we sin against Christ as to making one of His blood bought to be defiled in conscious. [Jesus spoke in similar manner saying “Whoever cause one of these little ones who believe in Me to sin, it would be better for him if a millstone were hung around his neck, and he were drowned in the depth of the sea.” Matthew 18:6 They are weak in conscience because they are babes in Christ.]

1st Corinthians 9: For the Sake of the Gospel.

Am I not an apostle? Am I not free? Have I not seen Jesus Christ our Lord? Are you not my work in the Lord? If I am not an apostle to others, yet doubtless I am to you. For you are the seal of my apostleship in the Lord.

At first this chapter seems out of place between 8 and 10 which address the issue of idolatry. And since there were no chapters then it might appear as he has gone off in a tangent. However the overall concept is, knowing you have a right to something [is not necessarily best] , knowledge without due consideration is of no benefit. Paul, Therefore is building on his point which he has started in regards to food sacrificed to idols and uses himself as an example. The fact he is an apostle and the measure of it is that they have come to the knowledge of Christ and God through his ministry, the proof of his apostleship. “For I will not dare speak of any of those things which Christ has not accomplished through me, in word and deed, to make the Gentiles obedient.” Romans 15:18

My defence to those who examine me is this: Do we not have a right to eat and drink? Do we not have a right to take along a believing wife, as do the other apostles and the brothers of the Lord, and Cephas? Or is it only Barnabas and I who have no right to refrain from working? Who ever goes to war at his own expense? Who plants a vineyard and does not eat of its fruits? Or who tends to a flock and does not drink of the milk of the flock?

Here Paul lists all those things he has willingly foregone. But he first emphatically states his right to them not only using examples of the real world but in comparisons to the other apostles and brothers of the Lord. Wars, vineyards & flocks, all yields benefits to the one who is engaged in them. This is the measure of my standing, by which I have made myself acceptable to you.

Do I say these things as a mere man? Or does not the law say the same also? For it is written in the law of Moses, “You shall not muzzle an ox while he treads out the grain.” Is it the oxen God is concerned about? Or does He say it altogether for our sakes? For our sakes, no doubt , this is written, that he plough should plough in hope, and he who threshes in hope should be partaker of his hope. If we have sown spiritual things for you, is it a great thing if we reap your materiel things? If others are partakers of this right over you, are we not even more?

The point being if [wars, vineyards and flocks] be in accordance to man, the law also says the same thing, God has so intended it so. And He has included it in the stipulation of the law that he who labours in his filed should be partaker and be sustained by the fruit of his labour. Then what they have laboured to do is to sow spiritual things, then should not they, be remunerated for their labour. And his and Barnabas standing among them as ones set to them; as fathers to them in the faith, do they not have a greater [right]?

Nevertheless we have not used this right, but endure all things lest we hinder the gospel of Christ. Do you not know that those who minister the holy things eat of the things of the temple, and those who serve at the alter partake of the offerings of the alter? Even so the Lord commanded that those who preach the gospel should live from the gospel.

Paul give the reason he has not made use of his right is that he might not put a hinderance in the way of the gospel. That by all means all who hear may receive without offence. Though God has so dimmed from the beginning those who serve at His temple should be sustained by what is offered there. And how the Lord also said, “Provide neither gold nor silver nor copper in your money belts, nor bag for your journey, nor two tunics, nor sandals, nor staffs; for a worker is worthy of his food.” Matthew 10:9

But I have used none of these things, nor have I written these things that it should be so done to me; for it would be better for me to die than that anyone should make my boasting void. For if I preach the gospel, I have noting to boast of, for necessity is laid upon me; yes, woe is me if I do not preach the gospel! For I do this willingly I have reward; but if against my will, I have been entrusted with the stewardship. What is my reward then? That when I preach the gospel, I may present the gospel of Christ without charge, that I may not abuse my authority in the gospel.

The purpose of his discourse in this matter is not to seek to obtain anything from them. First of all, he does not want to put a hinderance in the way of the gospel. The next point why he does not so seek such rights given to him in the gospel, is because he does what he does through the overwhelming drive that is present in him. Paul also states in his letter to the Colossians saying, “Him we preach, warning every man and teaching every man in all wisdom, that we may present every man perfect in Christ Jesus. To this end I also labor, striving according to His working which works in me mightily.” Colossians 1:28-29 Then if I do what I do through His might working through me, then I have nothing to boast of – Therefore I have also forgone my rights in the gospel, that I may obtain my reward in the Lord.

For though I am free from all men, I have made myself a servant to all, that I might win the more; and to the Jews I became as a Jew, that I might win Jews; to those who are under the law, as under the law, that I might win those who are under the law; to those who are without law, as without law [not being without law toward God, but under law toward Christ], that I might win those who are without law; to the weak I have become as weak, that I might win the weak. I have become all things to all men, that I might by all means save some. Now this I do for the gospel’s sake, that I may be partaker of it with you.

Here Paul shows what steps he has taken in order to preach the gospel to all. How in all things he has considered himself last that by any means that he may be able to cast a wider net and save as many as he can. As much as it is in his power to do so he has forgone or subjected himself that the gospel might receive no hinderance. An examples of this is, though he has unmovable stand against circumcision and suffered many persecutions on the account of it, “And I, brethren, if I still preach circumcision, why do I still suffer persecution?” Galatians 5:11 yet when seeking to reach the Jews, he had Timothy circumcised that he might be acceptable to them to preach the gospel. [Acts 16:3] And he withstood Peter when he sought to separate himself from the Gentiles on the account of Pharisaical believers, that no hinderance may be put in the Gentiles way. Galatians 2:14 Do you not know that those who run the race all run, but one receives the prize?

Run in such a way that you may obtain it. And everyone who competes for the prize is temperate in all things. Now they do it to obtain a perishable crown. Therefore I run thus: not with uncertainty. Thus I fight: not as one who beats the air. But I discipline my body and bring it into subjection, lest when I have preached to others, I myself should become disqualified.

Run your course as one who is seeking to obtain the eternal crown. If they seeking to excel in physical condition in order to obtain perishable crown, and they do so by training their body and leaving a tempered life. Then we ought to do so more, since what we gain is an eternal reward. Therefore I bring my body into subjection, not giving to its lusts, that after I have thus taught others, [how they ought to live and put off the works of the flesh], in case I myself should become ensnared and be disqualified.

1st Corinthians 10: Therefore, Flee Idolatry!

Moreover, brethren, I do not want you to be unaware that all our fathers were under the cloud, all passed through the sea, all were baptised into Moses in the cloud and in the sea, all ate the same spiritual food and drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank of the spiritual Rock that followed them, and that Rock was Christ. But with most of them God was not well pleased, for their bodies were scattered in the wilderness.

Paul continues to address the issue of idolatry and use the Israel’s escape from Egypt as an example. We can draw a parallel between us and them, in that it is a physical representation of what we ourselves experience: they were baptised into Moses: [the written Law], in the Cloud [were led by Him, they went where He went], and in the sea [the slave master was destroyed]. We are baptised into Christ [He lives in us], in the Holy Spirit [are led by Him] and in water [our sins washed and the power of sin broken]. They ate spiritual food [manna] and drank water out of the Rock [which was Christ] and we also are fed and sustained by His word and Spirit. However, though, they were partakers of Christ in some measure, yet with most God was not well pleased. Paul wants to highlight the dangers of [idolatry in this case] and uses Israel in the wilderness as a warning.

Now, these things became our examples, to the intent that we should not lust after evil things as they also lusted. And do not become idolaters as were some of them. As it is written “The people sat down to eat and rose up to play.” Nor let us commit sexual immorality, as some of them did, and in one day twenty-three thousands fell; not lest us tempt Christ, as some of them also tempted, and were destroyed by serpents; nor complain, as some of them also complained, and were destroyed by the destroyer. Now all these things happened to them as examples, and they were written for our admonition, upon whom the ends of the ages have come.

That we have their mistake to be a guide for us, that we ourselves should not do as they did. Idolatry: the built a golden calf and sacrificed to it, and they ate and drank rose up to play and three thousand fell the same day. Sexual Immorality: they fell foul to Balaam’s plot and committed sexual immorality with the women of Moab and ate things sacrificed to their gods with them. “Israel was joined to the Baal of Peor, and the anger of the Lord was aroused against Israel. Numbers 25:3 They joined themselves through sexual immorality and in eating what is sacrificed to idols. Then we have an even greater responsibility to walk right since we have their example, for our admonition.

Therefore let him who thinks he stands take heed lest he fall. No temptation has overtaken you except which is common to man; but God is faithful, who will not allow you to be tempted beyond what you are able, but with temptation will also make the way of escape, that you might be able to bare it. Therefore, my beloved, flee from idolatry.

Give careful attention to what has happened to Israel and let us take care. Though you think you might have sure ground to stand on, it is not justification for you to indulge in things which are not helpful, it might even serve as a snare for you. [“That is you do not know as you ought to know.”] Though they are strong and have knowledge that “an idol is nothing” yet lack wisdom on how to apply that knowledge with merit. They were going to places which they have frequented in time past and drawn pleasure from, and want to indulge in the same manner now that they armed with the knowledge of Christ. To them he gives this warning. The point is avoid idolatry, stay away from it, do not even consider it, God will help you.

I speak as to wise men; judge for yourselves what I say. The cup of blessing which we bless, is it not the communion of the blood of Christ? The bread which we break is not the communion of the body of Christ? For we though many are one bread and one body; for we all partake of that one bread.

Now Paul is seeking to give significance to what it means to eat food offered to idols or to eat in idols temple and he does this by comparing it to the the Lords table. That when we partake of the cup and the bread we do it in fellowship with the Lord and one another. Though we are many become one body because we take part of the same bread which is Christ.

The significance of the communion is best expressed, the day the covenant of the Law was inaugurated, when Moses sacrificed and sprinkled both the people and the book. Afterwards him, members of the high priesthood and the elders of Israel had their first communion with God on mount Sinai. Where they ate and drunk in the presence of the Lord in fellowship with Him. That is what is meant to take part of the Lord’s table.

And Moses took the blood, sprinkled it on the people, and said, “This is the blood of the covenant which the Lord has made with you according to all these words.” Then Moses went up, also Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel, and they saw the God of Israel…. But on the nobles of the children of Israel He did not lay hand. So they saw God and they ate and drank. Exodus 24:9-11

Observe Israel after the flesh: Are not those who eat of the sacrifice partakers of the alter? What am I saying then? That an idol is anything, or what is offered to idols is anything? Rather, that the things which Gentiles sacrifice they sacrifice to demons and not to God, and I do not want you to have fellowship with demons. You cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons; you cannot partake the table of the Lord and the able of demons. Or do we provoke the Lord to jealousy? Are we stronger than He?

When saying “partakers of the alter” he is speaking of the table of the Lord which is the alter. It is written in Malachi, “You offer defiled food on My alter, …. by saying, ‘The Table of the Lord is contemptible.'” Malachi 1:7 Therefore those who eat of the sacrifices are taking part in the Lord’s table. Then Paul makes the point the idol [the object itself is nothing] nor what is offered [the food] is anything, however the point he is making is what Israel offered on the alter they offered it to God and likewise the offering of the Gentiles make to their idol they make to demons and not God. Therefore, when you enter an idol temple to eat and drink what has been offered to idols you do so in fellowship with demons. How can you then in one hand seat to eat and drink with the Lord and go again to seat and drink with demons. “lest we provoke the Lord to jealousy.”

All things are lawful for me, but not all things are helpful; all things are lawful for me but not all things edify. Let no one seek his own, but each one the other’s wellbeing.

Here Paul repeats the same statement he made earlier in his letter. The point he is repeating is knowledge has appropriate application. If we through knowledge became a cause for a stumbling of a brother we have failed. Or we might even fall ourselves thinking we know it all, though you have grasped one aspect but you have lost sight of the greater spiritual significance. Then there is nothing to be gained, by taking part in such activity.

Eat whatever is sold in a the meat market, asking no questions for conscience sake; for “the earth is the Lord’s and all its fullness.” If anyone of those who do not believe invite you to dinner, and you desire to go, eat whatever is set before you asking no questions for conscience sake. But if anyone says to you, “This was offered to idols.” do not eat it for the sake of the one who told you, and for conscience sake; for “the earth is the Lord’s and all its fullness.”

Now, Paul gives advice on appropriate application of this knowledge. There is a deference between eating what is offered in the meat market and going to an idols temple to eat. Again speaking to the one who is strong in faith: one who knows an idol is nothing, everything belongs to God, noting is to be refused if received with thanks. Paul is not trying to embolden another but giving cause for caution in relation to another. Then when going to market eat whatever is available without asking any questions: “was this meat offered to idols? unless you offended the consciences of the one who is selling [Gentile]. Likewise if you go to unbelievers’s house, do in the same manner, without offending your host. However, if someone points it out do not eat it because the one who told you, considers an idol to be something, therefore do not your liberty offended their weak conscience.

Conscience I say not your own, but that of the other.For why is my liberty judged by another man’s conscience? But if I partake with thanks, why am I evil spoken of for the food over which I give tanks? Therefore, whether you eat or drink, whatever you do , do all to the glory of God. Give no offence, either to Jews or to Greeks or to the church of God, just as I also please all men in all things, not seeking my own profit, but the profit of many, that they may be saved.

My liberty is determined by my knowledge of God not by another, “For every creature of God is good, and nothing is to refused if it is received with thanksgiving; for it is sanctified by the word of God an prayer.” 1 Timothy 4:4-5 However, apply this knowledge with consideration, not seeking to please yourself but for the glory of God. And he gives three categories, Jews with dietary restrictions and offence in regards to unclean meat, Greeks [unbelieving Gentiles, Idolators] and the church of God [those with weak constitutions]. Paul adjusted his conduct appropriately that he may be able to reach all people, considering himself last. “a brother offended is harder to win than a strong city.” Proverbs 18:19 Therefore give no offence to no one for the sake of food.

Paul concludes what he started in Chapter 8 to consider one another in the matter to eating things sacrificed to idols. They have knowledge but are lacking in its appropriate application. He is teaching them having rights does not mean it is appropriate to apply it as you please for your own satisfaction. And he gave himself as an example in Chapter 9: as one who has every right to live by the gospel yet does not make use of them, has every right to live in the liberty of Christ but does not always make use of them, in everything his consideration is to win the lost and build up the brethren.

Therefore even if you have knowledge if you don’t have it in consideration of others, you have failed [Romans 14]. Therefore be tempered in all things. Though chapter 11 starts with: “Imitate me, just as I also imitate Christ.” it is better suited to conclude chapter 10. That has been the purpose of his discourse to give them an example of one who has knowledge yet lives a life tempered to the edification of others.

1st Corinthians 11: Before and After Supper: Fellowship.

Now, I praise you, brethren, that you remember me in all things, and keep the traditions just as I delivered them to you. But I want you to know that the head of every man is Christ, the head of woman [wife] is man, and the head of Christ is God.[ESV: translation for woman is wife.]

He starts with praise that, they keep him in mind and they also keep the [traditions] he has passed on to them. Then he is giving clarification of the tradition which he has passed on to them, which address the covering of women [wives]. ESV footnote: states the head covering was a traditional symbol of marriage. Though in some translations it is represented as a woman; a wife is a better translation of what Paul is trying to convey here. It is not applicable to think every woman has to have a head associated: Acts 16:14-15 [Lydia was the head of her household.]

Then Paul is not saying a woman must have a head to be in Christ, but he is making reference to husbands and wives which are represented as one flesh. “For this reason a man shall leave his father and mother and be joined to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh. So then they are no longer two but one flesh.” Matthew 19:5-6 Then the husband is to be represented as the head of this unit of one flesh. However, every born again person, who is part of the body of Christ has Christ as a head may it be male or female.

Every man praying or prophesying, having his head covered dishonours his head. But every woman who prays or prophesies with her head uncovered dishonours her head, for that is one and the same as if her head were shaved. For if a woman is not covered, let her be shorn. But if it is shameful for a woman to be shorn or shaved, let her be covered.

The first point of note, it is not to have a covering for being in the middle of church gathering, but when praying or [prophesying]. When praying one is speaking to God, when prophesying one is receiving message from God to the church. Therefore he referring to when dealing in the public assembly. Here Paul makes reference the covering is to apply to all, “every woman,” note wives only. If married the implication may be to the husband, if not the implication is to Christ. The married, man and woman are represented as one flesh before the Lord, therefore ought to have a head just as the church has Christ. Then if unmarried woman prays or prophesy with her head uncovered, she dishonours her head who is Christ. And if a woman who is married prays or prophesy with her head uncovered, she dishonours her husband, [who represents Christ in this unit of body.]

Therefore if the hair is uncovered, it is not giving recognition, to her head, may it be of Christ or through her husband. Because her hair is a vale in itself therefore require a symbol of authority. If unmarried it ought to be to Christ, to present herself to God when praying or prophesying, if married it ought to be of her husband. However, if she so chooses, let it be shorn as to present her head to God, through Christ without the natural covering [hair].

When Paul teaches saying, “Every man praying or prophesying, having his head covered dishonours his head. ” it is a clear departure from the tradition of Judaism, [which stipulates one ought to cover his head, when reading the Scriptures or praying.] Then Paul is not just propagating the law, he is not casting off the restraint from men and imposing it on women. However, since Christ became the head, he says it is dishonouring to his/her head to put a covering when coming before God, that is to disregard the work of Christ by which the vale, of seperation between man and God has been removed.

For man indeed ought not to cover his head, since he is the image and glory of God; but woman is the glory of man. For man is not from woman, but woman for the man. Nor was man created for woman but woman for man. For this reason the woman ought to have a symbol of authority on her head, because of the angles.

Here, Paul is giving a general concept of this principle according to creation. As Adam was created first, God shaped him out of the dust of the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living being. Geneses 2:7 And God seeing man to be alone decided to make him helper comparable to him and made Eve from the ribs of Adam. Geneses 2:21-22 Therefore man was not to cover his head – because he was made in the image of God. Eve was taken out of Adam and has taken of his nature [“bone of my bone, flesh of my flesh.”] That is why when it is when Adam fell, all creation fell. “Through one man, sin entered the world.” Romans 5:12 Genesis 1:26 gives a synopsis of creation, but the detail and order of creation is in 2nd chapter. “Adam was formed first then Eve.” 2 Timothy 2:13 Therefore, because of the order of creation and because of purpose, Paul gives permanence to the man to be the head.

The basic concept being, both Adam and Eve were naked in the garden of Eden. But Eve had a long hair given to her as a covering, she was of Adam, the glory of man, which the hair represented. However, after the fall when they discovered their nakedness and covered themselves, then her hair was covered as well, as symbol of authority that the hair had served prior. Therefore, he says a woman ought to have a symbol of authority on the head. As to say she is under her husband. In the law, a stipulation is given that gives in sight to the purpose of a covering:

“Then the priest shall stand the woman before the Lord, uncover the woman’s head, and put the offering for remembering in her hands… And the priest shall put her under oath,… while under your husband’s authority.” Numbers 5:18, 20

In the law, the wife bing brought forth before the Lord, as to give an oath had her covering removed first. Considering the law in regards to the vow or an oath taken by a woman before the Lord, there is a responsibility given to her father if unmarried or of her husband to agree or disagree with the oath she has made on the day they hear of it.

“Or if a woman makes a vow to the Lord, and binds herself by some agreement while in her fathers house in her youth, and her father hears her vow and the agreement by which she has bound herself, and her father holds his peace, then all her vow shall stand, and every agreement with which she has bound herself shall stand. But if her father overrules her on the day that he hears, then none of her vows nor her agreements by which she has bound herself shall stand; and the Lord will release her.” [the same measure is extended if she takes a husband. [vs 6-8]. Also any vow of a widow or a divorced woman, by which she has bound herself, shall stand against her. Numbers 30:3-5, 9

Then generally covering served as a safeguard, between the youth or wife before God. As Adam was meant to be a safeguard for Eve, he was accountable for her, though he knew of what she has done, he did nothing to oppose it. Then when the priest removes the covering from her head, which represented the authority of her husband, then the wife is brought under oath direct to God and is held directly responsible to God without remit, that her husband can not void.

[Question] Then if that be the case, the persist removing all authority from her head, that she may stand before the Lord and take an oath, then why would it be dishonour to her head, if she prays or prophesies with her head uncovered? Because, now Christ is between us and God that we present ourselves to God through Christ who is our head.

Nevertheless, neither is man independent of woman, nor woman independent of man, in the Lord. For as woman came from man, even so man also comes through woman; but all things are from God. Judge among yourselves. Is it proper for a woman to pray God with her head uncovered? Does not even nature itself teach you that if a man has long hair, it is a dishonour to him? But if a woman has long hair, it is a glory to her; for her hair is given to her for a covering. But if anyone seems to be contentious,we have no such custom, nor do the churches of God.

Now Paul gives insight to the current state of things in the Lord. Then he says, however in the Lord, there is no difference of preeminence since now man comes through woman and both are one. Jesus is the last Adam, just as every subsequent person took on the image of Adam, and we who are born again are made in the likeness of Jesus [both male and female]. Therefore in the Lord there is no preeminence both are alike. “There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave or free, there is neither male or female; for you are all one in Christ Jesus.” Galatians 3:28 That is we are no longer sons and daughters of Adam, but we are of Christ and are children of God “Therefore if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation; old things have passed away; behold all things have become new.” 2 Corinthians 5:17

That being the case, he then gives a parallel comparison of what that means. If nature tells of a man who has long hair it is dishonour to him. Then to the same measure, so is prayer of a woman with the hair uncovered since it is dishonours her head, who is Christ. They are on the same ground in the Lord. Therefore the same concept is extended to both. Then the issue with a woman is the long hair, which was given her as a natural covering from the first day, as a symbol of being of man [and for man]. Therefore when a woman prays or prophesy with her head uncovered, she does so as through the natural cover [denoting of man] which is dishonouring her head. Then for her to pray to God, as a man does she ought to present her head as he does, without any covering therefore, be cut short. To same extent a man who has a long hair, praying and prophesying has then dishonoured his head, who is also Christ. However in most cases the long hair is part of the beauty and glory of a woman as such it is might not be appropriate to cut short or be shaved, in which case he suggests to cover her hair. Now this is the same rule may be to youth, wife, unmarried or widow, because Christ is head of all.

So we can say, “Every born again man or woman praying or prophesying, having their head covered [by any manner] dishonour their head. For they ought not to cover their head, since they are the image and glory of God in Christ Jesus.”

Now, in dealing with those who are married, they are made comparable to Christ and His Church. Christ being the head and the Church His body. To the same extent the husband is made the head and the wife the body. Though all are one in Christ, male or female but through marriage, they are neither represented as male or female but as one body [one unit] to the Lord – they are one flesh.

Wives submit to your own husbands, as to the Lord. For the husband is head of the wife, as also Christ is the head of the church; and He is a Saviour of the body. Therefore, just as the church is subject to Christ, so let the wives be to their husbands in everything. Husbands love your wives, just as Christ also loved the church and gave Himself for her, that He might sanctify and cleanse her with washing of water by the word, that He might present her to Himself a glorious church, not having spot or wrinkle or any such thing, but that she should be holy and without blemish. So husbands ought to love their own wives as their own bodies; he who loves his wife loves himself. For no one ever hated his own flesh, but nourishes and cherishes it, just as the Lord does the church. Ephesians 5: 22-29

When Paul and Peter admonished wives saying “wives submit to your husbands” they did so in relation to the time, its purpose is that “the word of God may not be blasphemed.” Titus 2:5 as a way which instigates disorder in the household. The same concept is extended in the operations of slaves to their masters. That in all things the gospel may not be presented to be a hinderance to any, but by changing the hearts of mankind they all may come to the knowledge of the truth.

“Therefore from now on we regard no one according to the flesh. Even though we regarded Christ according to the flesh, we regard Him no longer.” 2 Corinthians 5:16

If we regard no one according to the flesh, how is that deferent in how we operate in the home. James says if a rich man comes and you give him a place of prominence and a poor man comes in you made him sit on the floor, have you not acted wickedly. [James 2: 2-3] To the same extent, what if a slave comes in or a master comes in to the assembly or Jew or Greek, would you show preference to one over the other? Then why would you make a preference between a male and female? We regard no one according to the flesh, meaning each one is a child of God. Therefore he says “Submitting to one another in the fear of God.” Ephesians 5:21

Now if you have applied that principle to woman you meet in the church, should you not extended it to the home? The point is, it is guidance the Lord gave to bring us all to the maturity of faith [without any schisms] that we may be able to shed the constraints of the flesh and look upon one another as we ought. As children of God, neither male or female, rich or poor, Jew or Gentile. Then, husbands and wives ought to do so too, who are united in body and purpose, being of one mind and striving to the fulfilment of the will of God in their lives.

Why would he otherwise say, let a woman cut her hair if she so choses? By doing so, she has removed the natural vale, so as to pray to God or to prophesy as one without a cover, as a man does. If it is without a cover, it is as though Christ being her head, be she married or not.

The final point he makes on this matter is that if anyone objects to this rule [as a woman/wife covering her head in public prayer], we and the churches of God, do not have any other custom [which permits such acts to be so]. Therefore, it is speaking of customs and traditions as in what is appropriate for the time. So Paul is giving them a bases for the tradition and what is deemed appropriate in the conduct of the church gathering.

Now in giving these instructions I do not praise you, since you come together not for the better but for the worse. For first of all, when you come together as a church, I hear there is divisions among you, and in part I believe it. For there must also be factions among you, that those who are approved may be recognised among you.

Now Paul is addressing code of conduct in the gathering of the church for fellowship. Which has been the main issue in the church of Corinth, which is the lack of due regard to one another. Then there was division in acts of appropriate conduct, as those who do so may stand out.

Therefore when you come together in one place, it is not to eat the Lord’s supper. For in eating, each one takes his own supper ahead of others; and one is hungry and another is drunk. What! Do you not have houses to eat and drink in? Or do you despise the church of God and shame those who have nothing? What shall I say to you? Shall I praise you for this? I do not praise you.

When gathering for the Lord’s supper they have done so in a very carless thoughtless manner. They have acted in selfish manner, they have not sought to wait upon one another nor even thought to share their bread with those who are needy. Others have taken the occasion to treat it as an occasion to get drunk. They have missed the concept of fellowship, nor have they given thought to what is meant to take the Lord’s supper.

For I received form the Lord that which I also delivered to you: that the Lord Jesus on the same night in which He was betrayed took bread; and when He had given thanks, He broke it and said, “Take, eat; this is My body which is broken for you; do this in remembrance of Me.” In the same manner He also took the cup after supper, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in My blood. This do, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of Me.” For as often as you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death till He comes.

Here Paul gives an explanation of what it means to take part of the bread and the cup. That is to remember what the Lord has done for us. The body that is broken and the blood by which the new covenant was sealed with. So as often as we take part in it we are declaring and brining to remembrance the sacrifice of the Lord. There is also the significance of the fellowship in unity which the supper was to signify. The Lord took the bread, blessed and broke it saying, ” ” and gave to them to eat. And after they had supper, by which they fellowshipped with another, He took the cup and gave them to drink. What they failed on, missed out on was the act of fellowship with the body of Christ.

Therefore whoever eats this bread or drink this cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty of the body and blood of the Lord. But let a man examine himself, and so let him eat of the bread and drink of the cup. For he who eats and drinks in an unworthy manner eats and drinks judgment to himself, not discerning the ~~Lord’s~~ body.For this reason many are weak and sick among you and many sleep.

Let each one give a careful consideration to his conduct, because he who eats and drinks in unworthy manner eats and drinks judgment to himself [sickness [not obtaining the benefit for which the body was broken] and sleep [for which the blood was spilt]. For not discerning[recognising] the body which is the church. The fault in the first instance is not giving due regard to the Lord’s sacrifice [?] by which one is guilty of the body and blood of the Lord [?] but the second is also like it, they did not give due regard to their brethren the body of Christ. “Love God and love your neighbour as yourself.” [How? they did not wait for one another, they did not share what they have with the poor among them and they did not give due regard for others and were drunk: They did not fellowship in the Lord’s supper.] For that reason, many were weak and sick and some have fallen asleep. “But whoever has this world’s goods, and sees his brother in need, and shuts up his heart from him, how does the love of God abide in him? My little children, let us not love in word or tongue, but in deed and in truth.” 1 John 3:17-18

For if we would judge ourselves, we would not be judged. But when we are judged, we are chastened by the Lord, that we may not be condemned with world. [Therefore,] my brethren, when you come together to eat, wait for one another. But if anyone is hungry, let him eat at home, lest you come together for judgment. And the rest I set in order when I come.

What is it we ought to have judged ourselves, is it the solemn thought we have given to the bread and wine or is it in matters of conduct towards the body of Christ? The whole concept Paul is addressing is the manner they have treated one another. Therefore Paul’s advice is when you get together for the Lord’s supper be considerate of one another. In case through your mis-conduct towards your brethren through lack of due care in taking part of the Lord’s supper, you be judged. Therefore wait for one another, and consider the poor among you.

1st Corinthians 12: Spiritual Gifts.

Now concerning spiritual gifts, brethren, I do not want you to be ignorant: You know that you were Gentiles, carried away to these dumb idols, [however you were led]. Therefore I make known to you that no one speaking by the Spirit of God calls Jesus accursed, and no one can say that Jesus is Lord except by the Holy Spirit.

As Gentiles [unbelievers] who worshiped speechless idols, in whatever manner you were influenced. Therefore he make this known, [as a point of comparison] now that you have come to know God, who makes Himself known. These is a defining feature that you have the right Spirit working in your midst: none speaking in the Holy Spirit can say Jesus is accursed and none can recognises the Lordship of Jesus and confesses it so, except by the Holy Spirit.

There are diversities of gifts, but the same Spirit. There are differences of ministries, but the same Lord. And there are diversities of activities, but the same God who works all in all.

[The Gifts and Ministries of the Holy Spirit: Lester Sumrall: Page 37-38]

Diversities of gifts of the Holy spirit: [1 Corinthians 12:8-11] These gifts are the basic foundation of all supernatural manifestation through the Holy Spirit. They may operate in every believer according to His will for the benefit of all. As a believer any of the Gifts of the Holy Spirit could be manifested according to the need. The diversities of gift of the Holy Spirit are the grouping into three main categories, Revelation, Power and Inspiration, all flowing from one Source.

Differences of ministries of the Lord: The differences of ministries is according to the magnitude of service, the reach and influence of the ministries. God may give a world wide ministry, or He may have one work in small town looking after the souls of those town. But it is the same Lord who works in all, it is not to exalt one over the other according to the sphere of influence. “it is the same Lord, who does both the little things and the big things.” [LS] “to one gave ten talents, to another he gave five talents to another he gave one talent.”

Diversities of activities [operation] of God: the means by which the ministries are dispensed. How the servant of the Lord goes about to fulfil the tasks. “Some reach out via television; others, via radio; still others, via the printed page.” [L.S] Others may prefer to work face to face with direct contact.

To show the function of unity in operation, Father Son and Holy Spirit all working in unity that we also may operate in the church in unity with one another, for the building of the body of Christ. The different types of gifts the Holy Spirit works, according to the magnitude of service, and through the various mediums it is dispensed to reach those who need it.

But the manifestation of the Spirit is given to each one for the profit of all: for to one is given the word of wisdom through the Spirit, to another the word of knowledge through the same Spirit, to another faith by the same Spirit, to another gifts of healing(s) by the same Spirit, to another the working of miracles, to another prophecy, to another discerning of spirits, to another different kinds of tongues, to another interpretation of tongues. But the same Spirit works all these things, distributing to each one individually as He wills.

The working of the Holy Spirit, how He [The Holy Spirit] release His gift to each one according to how He sees need to the benefit of the body. Then there is distinction to be drawn in comparison to Romans 12:6-8. In Romans 12 Paul is not speaking of gifts of the Holy Spirit but as in the gifts instilled in believers as part of the body of Christ. That each member has a functions to fulfil and each believer may make use of them to the benefits of the body. [to prophesy to the measure of faith, in serving, to teach, to exhorts, in giving, leadership, in mercy] All of which are aspects the believer exercises, according to the grace given. The Gifts of the Holy Spirit, is the Works He Himself works in the body as He wills, as He sees the need to be, working in each one to the benefit of all.

But to each one of us grace was given according to the measure of Christ’s gift. Therefore He says: “When He ascended on high, He led captivity captive, And gave gifts to men. Ephesians 4:7-8

These are gifts Christ instilled in each one by which the body is to be built up, from apostle to teachers, from helps to administrators, from exhortations to givings. These gifts, the believer can make use to serve the body of Christ. One blessed with the gift of teaching, will always be able to teach others, in any setting and conditions [in season or out of season] that is the function given to him or her to fulfil as a hand, heart or any other member of the body by which it serves the body. Then a teacher or apostle, helps or administration, can not help but be what they are; may it be to lead or to cheer. Now the Holy Spirit can also use any unit of the body to manifest any of His nine gifts as the occasion calls for it.

[The Gifts and Ministries of the Holy Spirit: Lester Sumrall]

The Word of Wisdom:[Revelation Gift: Future events] “It is a divine communication, a message to the church from God, given by the Holy Spirit through the believer.” “Through the gift of the word of God’s wisdom, God makes you wise to the future, you know what is going to take place.” Prophets of the Bible operated in this gift. Speaking of the coming Messiah, Visions of Daniel of the empires that would arise, Jesus Christ speaking of the destruction of the temple in Jerusalem and signs that accompany His return [Matthew 24, Mark 13 & Luke 21], Prophet Agabus foretold of a great famine to sweep the world. [Acts 11:27-28], Apostle John’s Book of Revelation.

The Word of Knowledge: [Revelation Gift: Past and current events] When the Holy Spirit revels to the believer [facts, events or matters] which are current, presently occurring or have already. Something the believer could not have possibly known at that moment. The Lord Jesus Christ, revealed to the woman of Samaria, she had five husbands and the current one is not her husband. [John 4:17-18] The Lord told Ananias, Saul of Tarsus was at a street called Straight and is praying and how he has seen a vision of him. [ Acts 9:11-12] The Holy Spirit revealed to Peter three people were at the gate asking for him and he is to go with them. [Acts 10:19-20].

The Gift of Faith: [Power Gift] This is not the same measure of faith everyone receives to salvation. Romans 12:3 But a distinct supernatural faith that is released in the believer by the Holy Spirit that enables them to have faith for certain situations. “The gift of faith has to do with the functioning of God in you through you, but with no human strength involved. God does the fighting.” E.g Moses getting the children of Israel out of Egypt, he dropped the staff God turned it into a snake, he called out, raised his staff and God preformed great wonders. Elijah was fed by the ravens, Daniel and the den of lions. Only special faith at work.

The Gifts of Healing(s): [Power Gift] A special endowment given to a servant of the Lord to perform healing, special gifts to pray for a specific diseases. Healing(s) can be performed by the believer through faith, by acting on the promise of the word of God. “believers will lay hands on the sick and they will recover.” Mark 16:18 A believer can confess the promise of the word of God claim their healing for themselves. These are not the gifts of healing(s). It is when the Holy Spirit is manifested to preforms healing(s), may it be independent of the faith through whom it operates but expectations and hope of the one who receives. [?point -> , ??]

The Working of Miracles:[Power Gift] When a great feat is performed by the Holy Spirit through the actions preformed [working] by the servant of the Lord. Elisha told the widow to borrow many vessels and to pour into them from the little oil she had, at which point she filled many jars enough to pay her bills and live on. [2 Kings 4:1-7] Jesus commanded the servants to fill the jars with water and take and serve it to the master of the feast at which point it turned to wine. [John 2: 2-11] Jesus feeding the five and seven thousands from the a loaf bread and few fishes he blessed and gave toHis disciples. [Matthew 14:14-21] Jesus made mud and put it on the eyes of the blind and sent him to wash at which point he was healed. [John 9:1-7] Peter reached over lifted the cripple at the gate beautiful and he was made well. Acts 3:7

The Gift of Prophecy: [Inspiration Gift] It is an inspiration gift to bring forth a message from God. “It is not the foretelling of the future. There is no element of revelation associated with it. Not to be mistaken with the office of a Prophet in whom the revelation gift operate.” In the new testament gift of prophecy is limited to edification, exhortation and comfort. It is the mind of the Holy Spirit speaking through us in a supernatural utterance [to speak the treasures of God to the body of Christ].”

“Especially you may prophesy. [For] he who speaks in tongues [does not speak to men] but speaks to God for no one understands him. [But] he who prophesies speaks edification, exhortation, and comfort to men.” 1 Corinthians 14:2-3

So it is the direction, it is to speak the words of God to the body, that serves to build it. Tongue in basic aspect serves the individual, prophecy serves the body. Then tongue with interpretation serves to the same aspect. [It is utterance through inspiration comparable to tongues and interpretation.] It can address the thought of the heart, by which the care or worry is made known which serves as an edification, exhortation or comfort. “the secret of his heart is revealed; and so, falling down on his face, he will worship God.” 1 Corinthians 14:24-25 When a person is operating in the gift of prophecy he/she is speaking to their hearts, their inner most thoughts or condition, that they know it is God who is speaking.

“The gift of prophecy can lift a Christian out of his depression, his negligence, and his lukewarmness, and put him back into the mainstream of the thrust of God.” Lester Sumrall

There are two aspects to prophesying to consider as do tongues. One is a message from God as the gift of prophecy, given as a supernatural utterance through a believer. The other is spoken by a believer [for a desired outcome] according to the measure of his or her faith to the edification of others in line with Mark 11:23. Not as the working of the gift of the Holy Spirit [as in message from God], but as a gift instilled in the believer, “If prophecy let us prophesy in proportion to our faith; “Romans 12:6

To speak encouragement to others according to the word of God, to the measure of his faith. That is starting in the natural, the same as one who prays in tongue, as he speaks those words, God may give a message through and give the interpretation there of. Then a person can start in the natural or he might have had an urge to utter words. To the same measure a person could speak words of encouragement according to the truth of the word of God, within the measures of his faith and God may give depth to it through inspiration. Starting in the natural to activate the supernatural through faith. [Curry Blake]

Discerning of spirits:[Revelation Gift] “Divine ability to see the presences and activity of a spirit that motivates a human being, whether good or bad.” Jesus meeting Nathaniel said, “Behold an Israelite indeed in whom there is no deceit.” John 1:47 When Ananias and Sapphira sold a property and kept back part of the proceeds, Peter knew what he has done. [Acts 5:1-4] When Simon offered money to have the power of the Holy Spirit, Peter saw how Simon’s heart was not right and he was “poisoned by bitterness and bound by iniquity.” [Acts 8:23] , When Paul encountered Elymas the sorcerer actively engaging to hinder the word of God; filled with Holy Spirit looked intently at him and said, “O full of deceit and all fraud, you son of the devil, you enemy of righteousness, will you not cease perverting the straight ways of the Lord.” [Acts 13:10]

Different kinds of tongue(s): [Inspiration Gift] This is not the prayer language, which the believer speaks. [Mark 16:17] By which the spirit of man prays to God which no one can understand but the believer speaks mysteries to God. [1 Corinthians 14:2,14] However this a gift of inspiration, “is a supernatural utterance that comes from God through the person of the Holy Spirit.” “This gift operation is a message from God to man.” [Charles and Frances Hunter] There are two categories we can make reference from Scriptures:

Tongues in a human Language: it is to speak the message of God in a foreign language; foreign to the speaker but a message from God to the one who understand that language, which serves as a sign. The first day of Pentecost when the Holy Spirit fell upon them they spoke as the Holy Spirit gave utterance and they spoke in language unknown to them but understood by those who heard them which served as testimony to them of God was at work in their midst. Acts 2:5-12
Tongues in unknown Language: which is a portion of prophesy by which the body is edified. God gives a message to the body through a believer in an unknown tongue, for which he might also have the interpretation for or another does. The purpose is to comfort edify and exhort. “When you come together let each have..”a tongue, a revelation or an interpretation.” [1 Corinthians 14:26-28]

Interpretation of tongues:[Inspiration Gift] When God grants a supernatural understanding of what is spoken in unknown tongue. God through the Holy Spirit gives a message in unknown tongue and gives the understanding of the message to another [or the speaker] who has the gift of interpretation of tongue working. The combination of both [gift of tongues and interpretation of tongues] is the same as gift of prophecy, serves the same purpose. 1 Corinthians 14:5

[Point of Note:] “It is a gift of interpretation and not translation; to interpret means, to give an explanation to what was uttered according to understanding the Holy Spirit has given using your own words. Therefore more than one person can have an interpretation of the same message, and all may express it differently, however the content, the message is of the same concept.”

For as the body is one and has many members, but all the members of that one body, being many, are one body, so also is Christ. For by one Spirit we were all baptised into one body- whether Jews or Greeks, whether slaves or free – and have all been made to drink into one Spirit. For in fact the body is not one member but many.

As the human body has different parts, the body of Christ also has different part and functions to fulfil. Each individual as a member of the body has been given a particular spiritual gift. Now, when saying, we are baptised into one body by one Spirit, it is not speaking of the baptism of the Holy Spirit, but as being part of the one body of Christ, in whom we share of His Spirit. A body must have a spirit, and Christ’s body does have a Spirit: “Now If anyone does not have the Spirit of Christ he is not His.” Romans 8:9

“For as many of you were baptised in Christ have put on Christ. There is neither Jew or Greek, there is neither slave or free, there is neither male or female; for you are all one in Christ Jesus.” Galatians 3:27-28

As for the baptism of the Holy Spirit, Jesus Christ is our example; He was born of the Holy Spirit, just as Adam was having the breath of God in Him. But when we receive of the Spirit of Christ, we do not receive the Holy Spirit as Adam did, but as ones who have passed form death to life, the Spirit of Him who has overcome. That is the breath Christ breathed on His disciples, the life of Him who was made a sacrifice for all sin on whose account the Holy Spirit comes in to stay in us. However we need to drink of the Holy Spirit, and be baptised just as He was, for the power and gifts of the Holy Spirit to work through us. “You shall receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you.” Acts 1:8

If the foot should say, “Because I am not a hand, I am not of the body,” is it therefore not of the body? And if the ear should say, “Because I am not an eye, I am not of the body,” is it therefore not of the body? If the whole body were an eye, where would be the hearing? If the whole were hearing, where would be the smelling? But now God has set the members, each one of them, in the body just as He pleased. And if they were all one member, where would the body be?

As one members of the same body of Christ, each member [individual] has a function to fulfil for the benefit of the body. That the body is not complete without having all the different necessary part doing their job. Each individual is equipped with what is needed for the body according to the will of God. That is not all can be administrators, not all can be preachers, not all can be apostles.

But now indeed there are many members, yet one body. And the eye cannot say to the hand, “I have no need of you”; nor again the head to the feet, “I have no need of you.” No, much rather those members of the body which seem to be weaker are necessary. And those members of the body which we think to be less honourable on these we bestow greater honour; and our unpresentable parts have greater modesty, but our presentable parts have no need. But God composed the body, having greater honour to that part that lacks it, that there should be no schism in the body, but that the members should have the same care for one another. And if one member suffers, all the members suffer with it; or if one member is honoured, all the members rejoice with it.

Then [Individual] member of the body can not say I have no need of one or another. The body is a collective one according to the functions. This is not addressing denominational differences, there ought to be no such separations [“there should be no schism in the body”: though it is out of context but the meaning is the same.] Then one cannot say, “I have no need of teachers, nor have I any need of Prophets or Evangelists” on such functionalities of the body. That each member is serving the body, to a shared common goal [the establishment and growth of the kingdom of God.] and recognising the parts other members play to its achievement. Here Paul is expressing, the need of each part for the greater benefit of all. What seems to be a negligible aspects of the body have an important function to fulfil. The supply of oxygen by a cell to the various organs is a necessary aspect of the body by which it functions. That great or small, mighty or weak each has a purpose in the greater whole. The measure is in the manner each member has fulfilled its mandate to the benefit of the body. However, each member, great or small is to be built up “to the measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ”, and in doing its share causes the body to grow and be edified in love. Ephesians 4:13,16

Now you are the body of Christ, and members individually. And God has appointed these in the church: first apostles, second prophets, third teachers, after that miracles, then gifts of healing(s), helps, administrations, varieties of tongues. Are all apostles? Are all prophets? Are all teachers? Are all workers of miracles? Do all speak with tongues? Do all interpret? But earnestly desire the best gifts. And yet I show you a more excellent way.

God has set a structure in the church by which it ought to function. Apostles are leaders that acquire new grounds and are responsible for the expansion and growth of the body. Prophets bring revelation to the body by which it is to prepares itself: Acts 11:28 Prophet Agabus foretells the of coming famine and the body took steps to supply for the needs of the saints. Acts 20:29-13 Paul gives warnings, that after he is gone how many will rise up to subvert the way of truth. Acts 21:11 The prophet Agabus tells Paul what is to await him in Jerusalem. 1 Corinthians 14:29-30 speaks of how revelation through prophets may be used to teach and encourage others. Ephesians 3:3-5 revelation of the workings of God [the mysteries of God]. Teachers equip the body in knowledge, that they may walk in the fullness of the measure of God’s word. By expounding the word of God, that they be strengthened and be pleasing to the Lord and abounding in good works.

When asking “Do all speak in tongues?” many have used it as an aspect not to pray in the prayer langue of tongues. Others have expounded what this refers to is the gift of tongues mentioned above, which is the Holy Spirit speaking through a believer. This point is supported by the fact the next rhetorical question is referring to aspects of interpretation. And the mention of varieties of tongues as an aspect which is part of service assigned by God to the church. As such all the functions listed above are service to the body, however the prayer language of tongues serves to build the individual believer. “He who speaks in tongues [prayer language of tongue] edifies himself.” 1 Corinthians 14:4 However [varieties of tongues] serve to edify the body when it is cupeled with interpretation. “He who prophesies is greater than he who speaks with tongues,unless he interprets, that the church may receive edification. 1 Corinthians 14:5

Though Paul encourages us to earnestly desire the best gifts through which we may be effective in the service of God to the body. There is a means that surpasses spiritual gifts in the service of one to another.

1st Corinthians 13: The More Excellent Way.

Though I speak with the tongues of men and of angles, but have not love, I have become sounding brass or a clanging cymbal. And though I have the gift of prophecy, and understand all mysteries and all knowledge, and though I have all faith, so that I could remove mountains, but have not love, I am nothing. And though I bestow all of my goods to feed the poor, and though I give my body to be burned, but have no love, it profits me nothing.

The overall context of Paul message to the Corinthians have been that though they have not lacked in spiritual gifts but have lacked in the care of one another to the point of contention. And after giving them the explanation of the value and working of these spiritual gifts is to serve one another [the interdependency of the body in service]. Paul points the most vital component of all is love. That though the greatest and best gifts could be operated through me “prophecy, or the word of wisdom, or the word of knowledge or faith.” [Derek Prince] if its not done in love, what I say, or what I am or what I do is of no value.

Let all that you do be done with love. 1 Corinthians 16:14,
He who love his brother abides in the light, and there is no cause for stumbling in him. 1 John 2:10

Love suffers long and is kind; love does not envy; love does not parade itself, is not puffed up; does not behave rudely, does not seek its own, it is not provoked, thinks no evil; does not rejoice in iniquity, but rejoices in the truth; bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things.

The objective of love is, it is self giving. It does not exalt itself but seeks to serves others and preservers to do good under all conditions and never seeks for recompense. Love seeks to speak the truth not to the harm or hurt of others but the building and edification, it does not shrugs its responsibility but considers its part. [Ephesians 4:15-16]

This is My commandments, that you love one another as I have loved you. Greater love has no one than this, than to lay down one’s life for his friends. John 15:12-13
Through love serve one another. For all the law is fulfilled in one word, even this: You shall love your neighbour as yourself. Galatians 5:13-14

Love never fails. But whether there are prophecies, they will fail; whether there are tongues, they will cease; whether there is knowledge. it will vanish away. For we know in part and we prophesy in part. But when that which perfect has come, then that which is in part will be done away.

The enduring work we do, that which will stand the test of time is the work that is done in the love of God. “God is love, and he who abides in love abides in God, and God in Him.” 1 John 4:16 The excellent way is love, all other works of spiritual gifts are done in part and will come to an end. But love continues to everlasting. That is as a means of delivery through another; apostle, prophet, evangelist, pastor or teacher, showing mercy, helps or administrator, worker of healing or miracles all will be done away with. “until we come to…” Ephesians 4:11-13

Then we all shall know fully as we are fully known. Our bodies are changed, there will be no schism in us [this corruptible will put on incorruptibility] so there is no conflict between spirit and body. “It is sown a natural body it is raised a spiritual body.” 1 Corinthians 15:14 As knowledge will vanish away, God will make Himself fully known “the mysteries of God will be finished.” Revelation 10:7, The Lord also taught saying, “For there is nothing hidden which will not be revealed, nor has anything been kept secret but that it should come to light.” Mark 4:22 There will be nothing there that causes offence or is a lie, so we have no need to discern spirits, there will be no pain or sickness; there is no need for healing[s] or miracles. Then in saying we, “Have tested the good word of God and the powers of the ages to come. ” Hebrews 6:5 it speaks of, if we have received healing or the power of healing is manifested through us; we know in the age to come there will be no sickness, if we have been given revelation of knowledge; we know all things will be made known to us, and if we have uttered in parts through tongues or prophesies then we know in the age to come we will be able to communicate with Him without filter.

When I was a child, I spoke as a child, I understood as a child, I thought as a child; but when I become a man, I put away childish things. For now we see in a mirror dimly, but then face to face. Now I know in part , but then I shall know just as I also am known. And now abide faith, hope, love these three; but the greatest of these is love.

For now we see in a mirror dimly: What we see in the mirror is the likeness we ought to be, but when the perfect has come, we will be like Him [face to face]. “Beloved, now we are children of God; and it has not yet been revealed what we shall be, but we know that when He is revealed, we shall be like Him, for we shall see Him as He is.” 1 John 3:2

Be imitators of God, as dear children. And walk in love, as Christ also has loved us and given Himself for us. Ephesians 5:1-2

1st Corinthians 14: God is not the Author of Confusion.

Pursue love, and desire spiritual gifts, but especially that you may prophesy. For he who speaks in tongue does not speak to men but to God, for no one understands him; however, in the spirit he speaks mysteries. But he prophesies speaks edification and exhortation and comfort to men. He who speaks in a tongue edifies himself, but He who prophesies edifies the church. I wish you all spoke with tongue(s), but even more that you prophesied; for he prophesies is greater than he who speaks with tongues, unless indeed he interprets, that the church may receive edification.

Love to be the predominant factor in the service of one another to this he adds the pursuit of the best gifts, and instructs them to earnestly seek that they may prophesy. Because it ultimately serves to build up the church through edifications, exhortation and comforts. The first aspect of tongue Paul makes a reference to is “the prayer language of tongue” that a believer speaks in prayer to God, through which the believer builds himself up. The point if one speaks in tongue may it be the prayer language or all other forms of tongue, it does not benefit the body, unless the meaning is revealed by which all may be build up. The mind of God is revealed in prophesies or tongues, as such prophesies are to be preferred because it is spoken in a language all understand and are be built up.

But now brethren, if I come to you speaking with tongues, what shall I profit you unless I speak to you either by revelation, by knowledge, by prophesying or by teaching. Even things without life, whether flute or harp, when they make a sound, unless they make a distinction in the sounds, how will it be known what is piped or played? For if the trumpet makes an uncertain sound, who will prepare for battle? So likewise you, unless you utter tongue words easy to understand, how will it be known what is spoken? For you will be speaking to the air. There are, it may be, so many kinds of languages in the world, and none of them is without significance. Therefore if I do not know the meaning of the language, I shall be a foreigner to him who speaks, and he who speaks will be a foreigner to me. Even so you since, you are zealous for spiritual gifts, let it be for the edification of the church that you seek to excel. Therefore let him who speaks in tongue pray that he may interpret.

One has taught saying the reason Paul was exhorting them in the application of tongues was because, they saw the gift of tongues as a form to conduct public ministry with. That is they were gathered and conducting the meeting through speaking in tongues only. None were edified through revelation, or through knowledge or prophesies nor teaching but the single aspect of the utterance of tongues without interpretation. Therefore the church was not being built up. So Paul uses several analogies to get his point across, from musical instruments to mustering of armies that a common form of communication is necessary. He encourages the fact that they are seeking to practice the spiritual gifts [the common one being tongues, which all receive through the baptism of the Holy Spirit.] However, the greater purpose has to be in seeking to build the church. In which case then seek to interpret by which you may contribute to the upbuilding of the church.

For if I pray in a tongue, my spirit prays, but my understanding is unfruitful. What is the conclusion then? I will pray with the spirit and I will pray with the understanding. I will sing with the spirit I also sing with the understanding. Otherwise, if you bless with the spirit, how will he who occupies the place of the uninformed say “Amen” at the giving of your thanks, since he does not understand what you say? For you indeed give thanks well, but the other is not edified.

Prayer is communication directed towards God. Then when saying praying in tongue, he is speaking of the prayer language of tongues, which the spirit of man prays according to its need. “For what man knows the things of a man except the spirit of the man which is in him?” 1 Corinthians 3:11 Then in praying in tongue, one does not know what he says, his spirit is engaged in prayer but the mind is not actively involved. Then when engaged in a communal prayer, if you utter word in the prayer language of tongue, seek to engage your mind also by speaking out words in a common tongue giving praise and thanks to God, that those who hear you may also take part and be edified.

[Note:] Even in private prayer of tongue, it would be good to engage your mind in prayer by speaking words intelligible that your mind also may be fruitful.

I thank my God I speak with tongues more than you all; yet in the church I would rather speak five words with my understanding that I may teach others also, than ten thousands words in tongue. Brethren, do not be children in your understanding; however, in malice be babes, but in understanding be mature.

Tongues serve best to build the individual as such it is best exercised in private prayer. However when coming together it is to serve one another that all may be built up, therefore seek to come with something that benefit others. Do not come to the gathering to build yourself up in the presence of others. [is like coming to have the Lord’s supper, and eating your own lunch by yourself.] Paul shows he spoke in tongues a great amount, but in public gathering he sought to bring those things that build the body not himself. [Therefore do your homework, that you may benefit others .]

In the law it is written: “With men of other tongues and other lips I will speak to this people; and yet,for all that, they will not hear Me.” says the Lord. Therefore tongues are a sign, not to those who believe but to the unbelievers; but prophesying is not for unbelievers but for those who believe.

When saying “with men of other tongues and other lips.” it is referring to those who speak foreign languages. That God is saying He will deliver a message, [in a language, foreign to the speaker but a message from God to the one who understand that language.] As the day of Pentecost when the Holy Spirit fell upon them the disciples who were from Galilee, spoke as the Holy Spirit gave utterance and they spoke in language unknown to them [the gift of diversities of tongue(s)] which was understood by those who heard them which served as sign to the unbelievers that God was at work in their midst. Acts 2:5-12

Therefore if the whole church comes together in one place, and all speak with tongues, and there come in those who are uninformed or unbelievers, will they not say that you are out of your mind? But if all prophesy, and an unbeliever or an uninformed person comes in, he is convinced by all, he is convicted by all. And thus the secrets of his heart are revealed; and so, falling down on his face, he will worship God and report that God is truly among you.

Paul is addressing Gentiles who were idol worshipers, who were introduced to God through Christ. Paul has explained why tongues are a sign for unbelievers, now he is explaining the second part of the clause “but prophesying is not for unbelievers but believers.” Then everything proceeding this statement is speaking to a believer in one form or another. Prophesy is supernatural inspired message from God, in a common language to the church.

Paul’s message thus far has been, how it is far more beneficial to speak in words of understanding in the gathering of the church that all may be built up. He has stressed the point that tongues [prayer of] is a benefit to the individual and have given several analogies that tongues in corporate setting is confusion, because of lack of shared worship of God, and how it does not benefit the body. He has also stated saying, “I wish you all spoke in tongues,” meaning there were some who have not yet done so.

Therefore when [the whole church gathers] together and if all are praying in the prayer language of tongues and an uninformed [who is a believer in Christ Jesus] , but has no knowledge of tongues comes in, he would not think rightly of you [that you have lost your mind]. But if all were prophesying, edifying, exhorting, comforting one another, then he is convinced by all, convicted by all, having one accord with his spirit, finding comfort among you. Therefore it serves as a sign to him, and he will recognise you, as ones who are truly walking with God and worship God along with you. He did not become a believer in God, but was already a worshiper of God. He witnessed first hand the manifest presence of God in the people and was confirmed to his heart.

Then when saying, “prophesy is not for unbelievers but for believers” he is speaking the primary purpose of prophesy is to serve to build the church, through edification, exhortation, and comfort. As such it serves as a sign to the body not the unbeliever.

[Consideration:] If uninformed speaks of the one who believes in Christ yet do not know tongues [Samaritans, prior to the baptism of the Holy Spirit, through the laying of hands of Peter and John.] Then unbelievers are those who do not believe in tongues [as some do now] but not unbelievers in Christ, but ones who have not yet accepted the gift of the baptism of the Holy Spirit.[because prophecy is not for unbelievers in Christ, it is not an evangelisation tool.]

How is it then, brethren? Whenever you come together, each of you has a psalm, has a teaching, has a tongue, has a revelation, has an interpretation. Let all things be done for edification. If anyone speaks in tongue, let there be two or at most three, each in turn, and let one interpret. But if there is no interpreter, let him keep silent in church, and let him speak to himself and to God.

Paul has already expressed, if one comes together how can one benefit others if he does not come with “revelation, knowledge, prophesying or teaching.” The point being when you come together come that you may have something to give to others. That is through private worship and seeking after God that you may have something that benefit others through: psalm, teaching, tongue, revelation or interpretation. And if anyone speaks in tongue in a public gathering, let there be one who interprets, if not then pray silently to himself and to God. Do not disturb the meeting of others if they are not going to be benefited through understanding.

Let two or three prophets speak, and let others judge. But if anything is revealed to another who sits by, let the first keep silent. For you all can prophesy one by one, that all may learn and all may be encouraged. And the spirits of prophet is subject to the prophets. For God is not [the author] of confusion but of peace, [as in all the churches of the saints.]

From the starts of his teaching on the utterance gifts to the church, Paul has repeatedly said, seek you may prophesy or he who prophesies, or if I do not speak to you by prophesying . However, here after giving instruction for speaking in tongues [the gift] in a public setting, he does not say let two or there prophesy and let others judge, but rather let “two or three prophets [person] [speak], and let others judge.” Prophesy do not contain revelation to be judged but is a message of edification, exhortation or comfort, the same as tongues and interpretation. However prophets bring revelation of new knowledge as such it ought to be rightly judged. In the old testament it warns of the false prophet that could mislead the people as such God gave instructions to safeguard against such events.

Two points are presented side by side here; The prophets who bring revelation knowledge to the church of which he says no more than three should speak per service, and set the order giving priority to the revelation given in the present. THEN as to set order within the gathering, he says you can all prophesy [the operation of the gift] in turn [bring a [TIMELY] message given from God to church], to which he sets no limits [“if all prophesy, he is convicted by all…” vs 24]. A prophet has his spirit subject to him, then if he has a revelation to impart, he can do it at any time the opportunity provides, and what he has to give will remain a revelation until all are made aware of it. [“the mystery that gentiles are heirs of eternal life.” Eph, Col ]

Then Paul is not saying all who prophesy are prophets. Prophet bring revelation, prophesying brings a message, therefore it is all may learn AND also all may be encouraged. That is there is nothing from God that would compel you to act out of order. God is a God of order and peace. Priority is given to the prophet who had a fresh revelation because God is the One who is conducting the meeting. Revelation and utterance messages are from Him, as such there is no limits set to prophesying.

[As in all the churches of the saints,] let [your] women keep silent in the churches, for they are not permitted to speak; but they are to be submissive, as the law also says. And if they want to learn something, let them ask their own husbands at home; for it is shameful for women to speak in church.

Paul is addressing points of order [speaking in tongues and and the teachings of prophets], here also he is giving advice in conduct, that gathering may not be side tracked. Paul has already addressed the issue of women praying and prophesying with head uncovered in the churches. Then he is not speaking here as the forbidding of women from ever speaking in the churches but the issue is other forms of talk, may it be in forms of questions which serves to interrupt the proceeding of the church. To such activities he commands such measures.

Or did the word of God come [originally] form you? Or was it you only that it reached? If anyone thinks himself to be a prophet or spiritual, let him acknowledge that the things which I write to you are the commandments of the Lord. But if anyone is ignorant, let him be ignorant.

Paul is setting this teaching to be validation measure for a prophet or spiritual. And set the conditions, “If anyone thinks himself to be a prophet or spiritual”: A prophet is one who has the revelatory gift and a spiritual person is one who is a mature christian and has the mind of Christ. 1 Corinthians 2:13-16 Those full of age, that is those who by reason of use have their sense exercised to discern both good and evil. Hebrews 5:14 Therefore are able to judge correctly by comparing spiritual things with spiritual, therefore would be able to recognise this truth.

Then the proof is in the common understanding of what is taught. If anyone be a prophet or spiritual – then he ought to acknowledge what is true, the same God is the One who teaches all. “However, when He, the Spirit of truth, has come, He will guide you into all truth;” John 16:13 Therefore there ought not to be schism, but the same understandings ought to be in all the churches of the saints.

But the anointing which you have received from Him abides in you, and you do not need that anyone teach you; but the same anointing teaches you concerning all things, and is true, and is not a lie, and just as it has taught you, you will abide in Him. 1 John 2:27

Therefore [So], brethren, desire earnestly to prophesy, and do not forbid to speak in tongues. Let all things be done decently and in order.

Paul is making the closing statement of his teaching on spiritual gifts, and the order of conduct. He repeats his opening statement for this section which is they ought to earnestly seek to prophesy because through this gift the church is built up. [because you will be able to discern for yourselves the mind of God, that you may encourage others.] The final point is order and “not to forbid tongues” as such he has laid out structures that would enable them to have orderly meeting to the benefit of all.

1st Corinthians 15: Resurrection.

Moreover, brethren, I declare to you the gospel which I preached to you, which also you received and in which you stand, by which also you are saved, if you hold fast that word which I preached to you – unless you believed in vain.

How can one have “believed in vain?” Paul is making the point to remain in faith till the very end is an important factor. It can only be in vain if you are moved away, from the hope of the gospel and have returned to the world. “If indeed you continue in the faith, grounded and stedfast, and are not moved away from the hope of the gospel which you heard.” Colossians 1:23 He is not speaking of the stumbling and struggling of the righteous but the deliberate turning away from the way by giving ear to false teachings.

[Point of note: God has not left them to these false teachings but has brought to light and provided instructions through Paul to set them right.]

For I delivered to you first of all that whichI also received: that Christ died for our sins according to the Scripture, and that He was buried, and that He rose again the third day according to the Scriptures, and that He was seen by Cephas, then by the twelve. And after that He was seen by over five hundred brethren at once, of whom the greater part remain to the present, but some have fallen asleep. After that He seen by James, then by all the apostles. Then las of all He was seen by me also, as by one born out of due time.

So Paul gives what that gospel is and points to the Scripture as a primary source of testimony to the truth of the gospel [The death, burial and resurrection of Jesus Christ]. Which Peter also does in similar fashion “And so we have the prophetic word confirmed which you do well to heed as a light that shines in a dark place.” 1 Peter 1:19 Then he lists of all the people who witnessed the proof of His resurrection which is the ultimate evidence that in Christ there is life after death. Listing himself last as a witness to this truth, when he encountered the Lord on the road to Damascus.

For I am the least of the apostles, who am not worth to be called an apostle,because I persecuted the church of God. But by the grace of God I am what I am, and His grace towards me was not in vain; but I laboured more abundantly than they all, yet not I, but the grace of God which was in me. Therefore whether it was I or they, so we preach and so you believe.

Here he is giving himself as one who believed through the revelation of the truth of the resurrection, he experienced on the road. He says he is least, because he had such zeal to destroy the church of Jesus Christ, but through the grace of God given him through the revelation of Jesus Christ he has become a changed person. [From one who sought to destroy, to one who gave his all striving to build.] And because of this grace he has received he has laboured more earnestly than any of them to declare this message. [This [grace of God] drive to preach the gospel, he has already touched on chapter 9.]

Now if Christ is preached that He has been raised from the dead, how do some among you say that there is no resurrection of the dead? But if there is no resurrection of the dead, then Christ is not risen. And if Christ is not risen then our preaching is empty and your faith is also empty. Yes, and we are found false witnesses of God, because we have testified of God that He raised up Christ, whom He did not raise up – if in fact the dead do not rise.

Paul in his letter to Timothy speaks of false notions that were taught by [Hymenaeus and Philetus] on the resurrection which served to derail the faith of some. [2 timothy 2:17-19] The resurrection is a fundamental concept of the Christian faith, “if you believe in your heart God has raised Him from the dead.” Romans 10:9 Then when speaking of being moved from the hope of the gospel [for the Corinthians], is to disregard the truth of the resurrection, which becomes vain belief.

So he has reminded them of the gospel message he has preached among them, [The death, burial and resurrection of Jesus Christ]. He has listed the eye witness to this fact including himself. Then he questions how can you hold the position that there is no resurrection. So Paul proceeds to explain the implication of such belief. If you say the dead do not rise, then neither has Christ, and if Christ is not raised then we have preached falsehood and your faith means nothing.

For if the dead do not rise, then Christ is not risen. And if Christ is not risen, your faith is futile; you are still in you sins! Then also those who have fallen asleep in Christ have perished. If in this life only we have hope in Christ, we are of all men the most pitiable.

The resurrection of Christ is the proof of our justification, if Christ is not raised then our sins are not forgiven. “With the heart one believes unto righteousness,” because the raising of Christ is due to His righteousness. So you believe God had raised Him from the dead is in another way to say you believe Jesus Christ was perfectly righteous, therefore it was not possible for death to hold Him. Then [His Righteousness] “It shall be imputed to us who believe in Him who raised up Jesus our Lord from the dead, who was delivered up because of our offences, and was raised because of our justification.” Romans 4:24-25 Also, if there is no resurrection what benefit is there for us, who are enduring suffering and persecution on the account of being His disciples. Then it is most distressing point.

But now Christ is risen from the dead, and has become the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep. For since by man came death, by Man also came the resurrection of the dead. For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ all shall be made alive.

But the truth is Christ is raised, He has become the first of the kind that are raised from the dead. Just as through the sin of Adam death entered the world, through the righteousness of Christ life from the dead has come to all.

But each one in his own order: Christ the firstfruits, afterward those who are Christ’s at His coming. Then comes the end, when He delivers the kingdom to God the Father, when He puts an end to all rule and all authority and power. For He must reign till He has put all enemies under His feet. The last enemy that will be destroyed is death. For “He has put all things under His feet.” But when He says “all things are put under Him,” it is evident that He who put all things under Him is excepted. Now when all things are made subject to Him, then the Son Himself will also be subject to Him who put all things under Him, that God may be all in all.

Paul is laying down with broad strokes the end time events, which encompasses the return of the Lord with the saints. “And the armies in haven clothed in fine linen, white and clean, followed Him on white horses.” Revelation 19:14 Then follows the thousand years of reign of Christ on earth, [Revelation 20:4] and the subjection of all powers and principalities and the final defeat of the devil, “The devil, who deceived them, was cast into the lake of fire and brimstone.” Revelation 20:10 Then, the final event, the raising of all those who are dead, who were kept in death and hades for final judgment. At which point death and hades are also destroyed. [Revelation 20:13-14]

God gave Adam dominion over all the earth, and through him God reigned over all He has made. But when Adam sinned, he lost dominion of the earth to the devil and the devil has ruled ever since. But through Christ God is bringing everything back. Christ through His death and resurrection has overcome the world and all authority in haven and in earth has been given to Him [Matthew 28:18]. Therefore He is in the process of bringing everything under subjection to this truth. “That at the name of Jesus every knee should bow of those in haven and of those on the earth and of those under the earth.” Philippians 2:10 That at the fullness of time, God will reign forever through Jesus Christ, over all He has made, that are in haven and in the earth.

Otherwise, what will they do who are baptised for the dead, if the dead do not rise at all?Why then are they baptised for the dead?

Here it seems Paul is speak of baptism as an aspect one can stand for another. Righteousness is of faith, we believe and confess and we are saved and are counted righteous. And we receive remission of our sins through baptism in the name of Jesus. [Acts 2:38, Romans 6:6, Colossians 2:12] Then as the living, we walk free from the power and dominion of sin through baptism which represents death of the old nature and raised to a new life in Jesus Christ. Then the clear implication of this practice for the dead is, baptism is the means for the forgiveness of past sins. Since the dead do not have a life to live free from the dominion of sin.

What circumstances would allow for such aspect? There are no direct Scripture to support these suppositions. However, “If anyone sees his brother sining a sin which does not lead to death, he will ask, and He will give him life for those who commit sin not leading to death.” 1 John 5:16

When the gospel of Jesus Christ came to the various people both Jews and Gentiles and they believed and were baptised, they having loved ones who had passed on sought to be baptised on their behalf, that they also may attain to the resurrection to life through the forgiveness of sins. In places where Christ was not named, because they have not rejected Christ for themselves.Peter also teaches saying, “The gospel was preached to those who are dead, that they may be judged according to men in the flesh, but live according to God in the spirit.” 1 Peter 4:6 [???]
Gap between coming to faith and baptism of the sick and weak who perished before its fulfillments. [Luke 23:43?]

Why does he speak of it as evidence for the surety of resurrection? He is using it to make a point, the same way he has used endurance of suffering for the hope of resurrection. That they sought baptism for the dead, because they were convinced of the fact.

And why do we stand in jeopardy every hour? I affirm, by the boasting in you which I have in Christ Jesus our Lord, I die daily. If in the manner of men, I have fought with beasts at Ephesus, what advantage is it to me? If the dead do not rise, “Let us eat and drink , for tomorrow we die!.”

Paul, here is giving the life he is living as evidence of the hope of resurrection. That he is in peril every moment and lives a life lack, suffering and fasting for sake of the gospel of Christ which he preached to them and they are the evident poof.

“in labours more abundant, in stripes above measure, in prisons more frequently, in deaths often. From the Jews five times I received forty strips minus one. Three times I was beaten with rods; once I was stoned; three times I was shipwrecked; a night and a day I have been in the deep; in journeys often, in perils of my own countrymen, in perils of waters, in perils of robbers, in perils of Gentiles, in perils in the city, in perils in the wilderness, in perils in the seas, in perils among false brethren; in weariness and toil, in sleeplessness often, in hunger and thirst, in fasting often in cold and nakedness.” 2 Corinthians 11:23-27

In saying “I die daily,” he then is saying, “I deny myself every day,” that I do not give way to my flesh that I may serve His purpose. However if there is no resurrection, what benefit is to me, even if I fought beasts and prevailed how does that benefit me. It would be better for me to let loose and live it up in drinking and eating serving my flesh, if there is no hope of resurrection.

Do not be deceived: “Evil company corrupts good habits.” Awake to righteousness, and do not sin; for some do not have the knowledge of God. I speak this to your shame.

The Corinthians have not come to this false understanding by themselves, he has already stated how he himself had preached to them the gospel [The death, burial and resurrection of Jesus Christ]. So he gives a warning not to sin, saying, “do not be deceived” giving heed to false teaching, “evil company” will have an effect on you. The result of such disastrous teaching is the same conclusion he himself has drawn, live it up here in the flesh, if this is all there is. However, there is a resurrection therefor live holy and righteous lives [and do not sin]. The fact you have come to this thought is, through your lack of knowledge of God.

But someone will say, “How are the dead raised up? And with what body do they come?” Foolish one, what you sow is not made alive unless it dies. And what you sow, you do not sow the body that shall be, but a grain – perhaps of wheat or some other grain. But God gives it a body as He pleases, and to each seed its own body. There are also celestial bodies and terrestrial bodies; but the glory of the celestial is one, and the glory of the terrestrial is another. There is one glory of the sun, another of the moon, and another glory of the stars; for one star differs from another star in glory. So also is the resurrection of the dead. The body is sown in corruption, it is raised in incorruption. It is sown in dishonour, it is raised in glory. It is sown in weakness, it is raised in power. It is sown a natural body, it is raised a spiritual body.

Paul is addressing the reasons why some found it difficult to comprehend the resurrection. In similar manner of the Sadducees who questioned Jesus, by giving him an example of seven brothers who married one wife according to the law “if a man dies having no children, his brother shall marry his wife and raise up offspring his brother.” And how this would present a conflict if there is a resurrection. [Matthew 22:23-32]

The point Paul makes here is the stalk is not what is sown but the grain, therefore you do not know the glory of the body to come, because you yourself are a grain. In similar manner no one looking at the grain unknown to him would be able to say what type of plant that would come up from the ground. But God gives it a body accordingly, just as the glories of one star differ from another so would the glories of those who are raised from the dead differ from one another. Then one looking at a grain may say, it will have roots, stalk and leaves but can not speak of the beauty of its colour, nor of the flowers or its fruits; the glories there of.

You are God’s building… Now if anyone builds on this foundation [Jesus Christ] with gold, silver, precious stones, wood, hay, straws, each one’s work will become clear; for the day will declare it, because it will be revealed by fire; and the fire will test each one’s work, of what sort it is. If anyone’s work which he has built endures he will receive a reward. 1 Corinthians 3:9, 12-14 [Reward in what form? adornment of the building which we occupy.]

There is a natural body and there is a spiritual body. And so it is written, “The first man Adam became a living being.” The last Adam became a life-giving spirit. However, the spiritual is not first, but the natural, and afterwards the spiritual. The first man was of the earth, made of dust: the second Man is the Lord from haven. As the man of dust so also are those who are made of dust; and as is the heavenly Man so also are those who are heavenly. And as we have borne the image of the man of dust, we shall also bear the image of the heavenly Man.

Then this natural corruptible body is a grain in itself and when it dies and is sown it will be raised up a spiritual incorruptible body. Just as this natural body has taken the likeness of Adam and all its weakness, we also will take the likeness of Jesus Christ’s spiritual body, of its power and glory. “Beloved, now we are children off God; and it is not yet been revealed what we shall be, but we know that when He is revealed, we shall be like Him.” 1 John 3:2

Now this I say, brethren, that flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God; nor does corruption inherit incorruption. Behold, I tell you a mystery: We shall not all fall asleep, but we shall all be changed – in a moment, in a twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet. For the trumpet will sound, and the dead will be raised incorruptible, and we shall be changed. For this corruptible must put one on incorruption, and this mortal must put on immortality.

Paul is making the point that, anything with tendency to give way to sin can not enter the kingdom of God, therefore this natural body must be put off, then the living must be changed in that very moment. In that day, when the Lord returns, when the trumpet sounds, His angles will gather His elect from “the furthest part of the earth to the the furthest part of heaven.” [Mark 11:26-27]

For if we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so God will bring with Him those who sleep in Jesus. For this we say to you by the word of the Lord, that we who are alive and remain until the coming of the Lord will by no means precede those who are sleep. For the Lord Himself will descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of an archangel, and with the trumpet of God. And the dead in Christ will rise first. Then we who are alive and remain shall be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air. [1 Thessalonians 4:14-17]

As those who have fallen asleep in the Lord are gathered from haven, in the clouds of the earth, those who are living will be changed to put on incorruption and immortality and taken up to meet the Lord with them in the clouds. There are two types of dead raising to keep in mind, the first is of the saints, who have fallen asleep in Jesus Christ, these return with the Lord from haven. The second is, those who are raised on the last moment, at the end of the this age, those who perished apart from Christ: “The sea gave up the dead who were in it, and death and Hades delivered up the dead who were in them.” Revelation 20:13

So when this corruption has put on incorruption, and this mortal has put on immortality, then shall be brought to pass the saying that is written: “O Death, where is your sting? O Hades, were is your victory?” The sting of death is sin, and the strength of sin is the law. But thanks be to God , who gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ.

Therefore, when we have cast off this natural body and put on the spiritual body the reign of death will be over. Death has no power where there is no sin. Sin perviously had power over us through the law and the weakness of our flesh, which we inherited from Adam. But when we inherit the spiritual body which is in the likeness of Christ who is sinless, then sin will have no route to us, neither will death.

Therefore, my beloved brethren, be steadfast, immovable, always abounding in the work of the Lord, knowing that your labour is not in vain in the Lord.

Now, he has established the truth of the hope of the resurrection, he encourages them to stand fast in this truth, having all the more reason for doing good works in the Lord, for God is just and will reward you accordingly.

“For God is not unjust to forget your work and labour of love which you have shown toward His name, in that you have ministered to the saints, and do minister. And we desire that each one of you show the same diligence to the full assurance of the hope until the end.” Hebrews 6-10-11

1st Corinthians 16: Final Commendations.

Now concerning the collection for the saints, as I have given orders to the churches of Galatia, so you must do also: On the first day of the week let each one of you lay something aside storing up as he may prosper, that there be no collection when I come. And when I come, whomever you approve by your letters I will send to bear your gift to Jerusalem. But if it is fitting that I go also, they will go with me.

The Corinthians have written to Paul, enquiring of all the things he has explained to them and this is also is of their own request to which in his second letter he says, “and prepare your generous gift beforehand which you had previously promised. ” 2 Corinthians 9:5 It might appear odd and contradictory, that Paul who have boasted of his labour without being dependant on the Corinthians is giving notice for collection. The first point is, it is in regard to the questions they have asked of him in giving to the saints in Jerusalem. Paul, is not benefiting from their giving, and his direction to them, in regards to the matter is to honour the Lord with the first-fruits of all your increase. Proverb 3:9 Paul gives notice as for their giving for the saints, they ought to put something aside at the beginning of each weak, that it may precedes all other spendings that may occur over the weak.

And as assurance of the trust that their gift is going to those in Jerusalem, he asks them to prepare one from among them go along that it may be witnessed to them, that it has gone where it is intended. [Giving himself last for assurance of the delivery if it be fitting.]

Now, I will come to you when I pass through Macedonia [for I am passing through Macedonia]. And it may be that I will remain, or even spend the winter with you, that you may send me on my journey, wherever I go. For I do not wish to see you on the way; but I hope to stay a while with you, if the Lord permits. But I will tarry in Ephesus until Pentecost. For a great door has opened to me, and there are many adversaries.

Now here Paul makes his hopes known to them. His writing this letter to them at the beginning of his ministry to Ephesians, [a great door has opened to me.] Now, Paul has ministered to the Corinthians without ever being a burden to them, and still is doing. He laboured himself with Aquila and Priscillia to supply his own need and received some support from the church he has set up in Philippi, [Macedonia]. So, here he was hopping that, they also have come to the maturity of faith, and would be willing to assist him to minister to areas beyond them, but not of the ministry he was rendering to them. “but having hope, that as your faith is increased, we shall be greatly enlarged by you in our sphere, to preach the gospel in regions beyond you,” 2 Corinthians 10:15-16 That they may be partakers of the ministry of the gospel to others.

And if Timothy comes, see that he may be with you without fear; for he does the work of the Lord, as I also do. Therefore let no one despise him. But send him on his journey in peace, that he may come to me; for I am waiting for him with the brethren. Now concerning our brother Apollos, I strongly urged him to come to you with the brethren, but he was quite unwilling to come at this time; however, he will come when he has convenient time.

Regards to Apollos -Paul’s hope was he might to be part of the company of men along with [Titus] to take this letter to the Corinthians. Though it is a speculation, Paul might have thought it best to send him along that he might firsthand address the devisions that is prevalent among the Corinthians. That he might help to put right any such contention. Though it appears, Apollos was not willing to do that.

Watch and stand fast in the faith, be brave, be strong. Let all that you do be done with love.

This is the closing and main point of his entire letter. His admonishing of them and setting things in order among them is not only for the sake of order but that they through it may have regard for one another which they seemed to have sorely lacked. So from exercising spiritual gifts, to the Lord’s supper his advice to them is be thoughtful of one another and act out of love. And to hold fast to the gospel he, Timothy and Silas had preached to them and to stand fast in it, and not to be moved from the hope. [Timothy was sent for] That they many not give ear to wrong doctrine, which seems they susceptible to. “Or a different gospel which you have not accepted – you may well put up with it!” 2 Corinthians 11:4

I urge you, brethren – you know the household of Stephanas, that it is the first-fruit of Achaia, and that they have devoted themselves to the ministry of the saints – that you also submit to such, and to to everyone who works and labours with us. I am glad about the coming of Stephanas, Fortunatus, and Achicus, for what was lacking on your part they supplied. For they refreshed my spirt and yours. Therefore acknowledge such men.

Paul is giving them commendation to whom they can obtain guidance to, as he did of Timothy. By asking them to submit to these men who are labourers along with him. That those who cause division and teach false doctrines may be cut off. When saying, “what was lacking on your part they supplied,” Paul’s thought is, though it is a speculation, these may be the men that came to him with the letter from the Corinthians. He is saying, “they made up for their absence” [ESV] as for to refresh his spirit by bringing news and take back to the Corinthians the same, that they also may be refreshed. However he is not speaking of the supply of sustenance, because Paul vehemently contested against such implications.

The churches of Asia greet you. Aquila Priscilla greet you heartily in the Lord, with the church that is in their house. All the brethren greet you. Greet one another with holy kiss. The salutation with my own hand – Paul’s. If anyone does not love the Lord Jesus Christ, let him be accursed. O Lord, come! The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you. My love be with you all in Christ Jesus. Amen.

[A point of note:] Aquila Priscilla, seems to set up church wherever they go, here after being exiled from Rome, has done so in Ephesus, for the time they have spent there. And after when they return to Rome, Paul makes mention of them in his letter to the Romans, to greet the church in their house. They were not just members of a local body, but actively seeking, to be part of the growth of the gospel while engaged in the labour of their own hands as tent makers.

The salutation is written by his own hands, [as a notice of the authenticity of the letter, as described in 2 Thessalonians 3:17]. The final point to make mention of is this statement he makes, “If anyone does not love the Lord Jesus Christ, let him be accursed. O Lord, come! ” it seems to be the affirmation of the resurrection, of which he has laboured to point out to them, to drive home the point, and to stop any such false teaching which may contradict it.

The End!

A Study on 1st Epistle to the Corinthians.

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